| Full text | |
| Author(s): |
Total Authors: 3
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| Affiliation: | [1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-05508 Sao Paulo - Brazil
[2] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 - Australia
Total Affiliations: 2
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| Document type: | Journal article |
| Source: | Astroparticle Physics; v. 47, p. 18-30, JUL 2013. |
| Web of Science Citations: | 5 |
| Abstract | |
In this paper we study the depth at which a cosmic ray shower reaches its maximum (X-max) as predicted by Monte Carlo simulation. The use of X-max in the determination of the primary particle mass can only be done by comparing the measured values with simulation predictions. For this reason it is important to study the differences between the available simulation models. We have done a study of the first and second moments of the X-max distribution using the CORSICA and CONEX programs. The study was done with high statistics in the energy range from 10(17) to 10(20.4) eV. We focus our analysis in the different implementations of the hadronic interaction models SIBYLL2.1 and QGSJETII in CORSICA and CONEX. We show that the predictions of the < X-max > and RMS(X-max) depend slightly on the combination of simulation program and hadronic interaction model. Although these differences are small, they are not negligible in some cases (up to 5 g/cm(2) for the worse case) and they should be considered as a systematic uncertainty of the model predictions for < X-max > and RMS(X-max). We have included a table with the suggested systematic uncertainties for the model predictions. Finally, we present a parametrization of the X-max distribution as a function of mass and energy according to the models SIBYLL2.1 and QGSJETII, and showed an example of its application to obtain the predicted X-max distributions from cosmic ray propagation models. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 08/04259-0 - High energy cosmic rays |
| Grantee: | Luiz Vitor de Souza Filho |
| Support Opportunities: | Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants |
| FAPESP's process: | 10/07359-6 - Study of cosmic rays of highest energies with the Pierre Auger Observatory |
| Grantee: | Carola Dobrigkeit Chinellato |
| Support Opportunities: | Research Projects - Thematic Grants |