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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Interactions between Irrigants Commonly Used in Endodontic Practice: A Chemical Analysis

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Author(s):
Prado, Maira [1] ; Santos, Jr., Helvecio M. [2] ; Rezende, Claudia M. [2] ; Pinto, Angelo C. [2] ; Faria, Roberto B. [2] ; Simao, Renata A. [3] ; Gomes, Brenda P. F. A. [1]
Total Authors: 7
Affiliation:
[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Dept Restorat Dent, Endodont Div, BR-13414018 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil
[2] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Chem, Rio De Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
[3] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Rio De Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 3
Document type: Journal article
Source: JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS; v. 39, n. 4, p. 505-510, APR 2013.
Web of Science Citations: 23
Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this work was to characterize the by-products formed in the associations between the most commonly used irrigants in endodontic practice through electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analyses. Methods: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (0.16%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5.25%) was associated with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) solution and gel, 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 37% phosphoric acid, saline solution, ethanol, and distilled water. CHX solution and gel were also associated with all above mentioned irrigants. The solutions were mixed in a 1:1 ratio, and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to characterize the precipitates when formed. Results: CHX produced an orange-brown precipitate when associated with NaOCl from 1%-5.25% and an orange-white precipitate when associated with 0.16% NaOCl. When associated with EDTA, CHX produced a white milky precipitate, and when associated with saline solution and ethanol, a salt precipitation was produced. No precipitation was observed when CHX was associated with citric acid, phosphoric acid, or distilled water. In the NaOCl associations, precipitation occurred only when CHX was present. Conclusion: The orange-brown precipitate observed in the association between CHX and NaOCl occurs because of the presence of NaOCl, an oxidizing agent causing chlorination of the guanidino nitrogens of the CHX. The precipitates formed in the reaction of CHX with EDTA, saline solution, and ethanol were associated with acid-base reactions, salting-out process, and lower solubility, respectively. NaOCl associated with EDTA, citric acid, and phosphoric acid leads mainly to chlorine gas formation. Intermediate flushes with distilled water seem to be appropriate to prevent or at least reduce formation of by-products. (AU)