Effect of Age on Complexity and Causality of the Cardiovascular Control: Comparison between Model-Based and Model-Free Approaches

Author(s):Show less -

Porta, Alberto ^{[1, 2]} ; Faes, Luca ^{[3, 4]} ; Bari, Vlasta ^{[5, 6]} ; Marchi, Andrea ^{[6, 7]} ; Bassani, Tito ^[8] ; Nollo, Giandomenico ^{[9, 10]} ; Perseguini, Natalia Maria ^[11] ; Milan, Juliana ^[11] ; Minatel, Vinicius ^[11] ; Borghi-Silva, Audrey ^[11] ; Takahashi, Anielle C. M. ^[11] ; Catai, Aparecida M. ^[11]

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Univ Milan, Dept Biomed Sci Hlth, Milan - Italy

^[2] Galeazzi Orthoped Inst, Milan - Italy

^[3] Univ Trento, Dept Phys, Trento - Italy

^[4] Univ Trento, BIOtech, Trento - Italy

^[5] Grp Osped San Donato Fdn, Milan - Italy

^[6] Politecn Milan, Dept Elect Informat & Bioengn, I-20133 Milan - Italy

^[7] Humanitas Clin & Res Ctr, Dept Anesthesia & Intens Care, Rozzano - Italy

^[8] Humanitas Clin & Res Ctr, Rozzano - Italy

^[9] Univ Trento, Dept Ind Engn, BIOtech, Trento - Italy

^[10] IRCS PAT FBK, Trento - Italy

^[11] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Physiotherapy, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PLoS One; v. 9, n. 2 FEB 24 2014.
• Web of Science Citations: 45

Abstract

The proposed approach evaluates complexity of the cardiovascular control and causality among cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms from spontaneous variability of heart period (HP), systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and respiration (RESP). It relies on construction of a multivariate embedding space, optimization of the embedding dimension and a procedure allowing the selection of the components most suitable to form the multivariate embedding space. Moreover, it allows the comparison between linear model-based (MB) and nonlinear model-free (MF) techniques and between MF approaches exploiting local predictability (LP) and conditional entropy (CE). The framework was applied to study age-related modifications of complexity and causality in healthy humans in supine resting (REST) and during standing (STAND). We found that: 1) MF approaches are more efficient than the MB method when nonlinear components are present, while the reverse situation holds in presence of high dimensional embedding spaces; 2) the CE method is the least powerful in detecting age-related trends; 3) the association of HP complexity on age suggests an impairment of cardiac regulation and response to STAND; 4) the relation of SAP complexity on age indicates a gradual increase of sympathetic activity and a reduced responsiveness of vasomotor control to STAND; 5) the association from SAP to HP on age during STAND reveals a progressive inefficiency of baroreflex; 6) the reduced connection from HP to SAP with age might be linked to the progressive exploitation of Frank-Starling mechanism at REST and to the progressive increase of peripheral resistances during STAND; 7) at REST the diminished association from RESP to HP with age suggests a vagal withdrawal and a gradual uncoupling between respiratory activity and heart; 8) the weakened connection from RESP to SAP with age might be related to the progressive increase of left ventricular thickness and vascular stiffness and to the gradual decrease of respiratory sinus arrhythmia. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/52070-4 - New approaches for evaluation of cardiovascular oscillations changes with aging
• Grantee: Aparecida Maria Catai
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants