Wing geometry of Culex coronator (Diptera: Culicidae) from South and Southeast Brazil

Author(s)

Demari-Silva, Bruna ^[1] ; Suesdek, Lincoln ^[2] ; Mureb Sallum, Maria Anice ^[1] ; Marrelli, Mauro Toledo ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Inst Butantan, BR-05509300 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PARASITES & VECTORS; v. 7, APR 9 2014.
• Web of Science Citations: 13

Abstract

Background: The Coronator Group encompasses Culex coronator Dyar \& Knab, Culex camposi Dyar, Culex covagarciai Forattini, Culex ousqua Dyar, Culex usquatissimus Dyar, Culex usquatus Dyar and Culex yojoae Strickman. Culex coronator has the largest geographic distribution, occurring in North, Central and South America. Moreover, it is a potential vector-borne mosquito species because females have been found naturally infected with several arboviruses, i.e., Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus and West Nile Virus. Considering the epidemiological importance of Cx. coronator, we investigated the wing shape diversity of Cx. coronator from South and Southeast Brazil, a method to preliminarily estimate population diversity. Methods: Field-collected immature stages of seven populations from a large geographical area in Brazil were maintained in the laboratory to obtain both females and males linked with pupal and/or larval exuviae. For each individual female, 18 landmarks of left wings were marked and digitalized. After Procrustes superimposition, discriminant analysis of shape was employed to quantify wing shape variation among populations. The isometric estimator centroid size was calculated to assess the overall wing size and allometry. Results: Wing shape was polymorphic among populations of Cx. coronator. However, dissimilarities among populations were higher than those observed within each population, suggesting populational differentiation in Cx. coronator. Morphological distances between populations were not correlated to geographical distances, indicating that other factors may act on wing shape and thus, determining microevolutionary patterns in Cx. coronator. Despite the population differentiation, intrapopulational wing shape variability was equivalent among all seven populations. Conclusion: The wing variability found in Cx. coronator populations brings to light a new biological problem to be investigated: the population genetics of Cx. coronator. Because of differences in the male genitalia, we also transferred Cx. yojoae to the Apicinus Subgroup. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/02658-5 - Characterization of populations of Culex coronator and Culex usquatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Neotropical Region by geometric morphometrics of wing and analysis of gene sequences
• Grantee: Bruna Demari e Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 11/20397-7 - Morphological and molecular taxonomy and phylogeny of Nyssorhynchus subgenus of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae), with special emphasis on Anopheles darlingi from Mata Atlântica
• Grantee: Maria Anice Mureb Sallum
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants