| Grant number: | 18/05843-0 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Start date: | October 01, 2018 |
| End date: | March 31, 2021 |
| Field of knowledge: | Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Soil Science |
| Principal Investigator: | Mônica Sartori de Camargo |
| Grantee: | Mônica Sartori de Camargo |
| Host Institution: | APTA Regional. Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA). Campinas , SP, Brazil |
| City of the host institution: | Campinas |
| Associated researchers: | Marcelo de Almeida Silva ; Margarita Luisa OSTERRIETH |
Abstract
Silicon (Si) fertilization could alleviate the damage caused by water deficit in sugarcane, as it is a Si- accumulating plant, but results are still scarce in literature. This project will test the following hypothesis: a) Si deposition (silicofitolites) in the above ground part and root system increase in response to increasing silicate rates quantities applied through physiological responses to water status in the leaves and photosyntesis and increases on biomass of drought-tolerant and sensitive cultivars (phases 1, and 3); b) Is there a maximum level in Si uptake to drought-tolerant and sensitive cultivars (phase 1)? c) Is there a relationship between soluble Si in soil and Si in the plant (total and silicofitolite) in both above ground level and root system (phases 1, and 3)?; d) Si deposition in plant increase in function of water deficit and improve the drought tolerance of sugarcane cultivars (phases 2, and 3)?; e) Si increase drought tolerance throught alteration of gas exchange (transpiration), photosynthesis and water and nutrients uptake by root system in sugarcane under water deficit (phase 2)? f) Si improve drought tolerance of sensitive similar to tolerant cultivar (phase 2, and 3). Studies will be done in 3 phases. In the phase 1, an experiment will be conducted in randomized blocks including rates of Si (0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 kg ha-1 Si, two cultivars (drought- tolerant: RB86-7515; drought-sensitive: RB85-5536) and 8 repetitions. In the phase 2, same cultivars will be planted with and without Si (600 e 0 kg ha-1 Si), with and without water deficit (55% and 100% of soil moisture holding capacity, respectively), imposed in March, 2020. The experiments of phase 1 and phase 2 will be conducted from October 2018 until March 2019 and October 2019 until March 2020. Morphophysiological evaluations (height, number of green leaves, number of tillers) and non-destructive physiological evaluations will be done at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days since 5 months in both phase 1 (without deficit) and phase 2 (with deficit): CO2 assimilation rate (AN), transpiration, stomatal conductance (gs), intrinsic efficiency of water use (AN/gs), concentration of CO2 in the intercellular spaces, and photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. At harvest, leaves+1 will be collected to evaluations of Si, and chlorophyl a and b, relative water content,water potential, electrolyte leakage. It will be also evaluated the above-ground part and root system biomass, Si uptake, and water use efficiency (applied water / biomass) of phase 1 and 2. In the phase 3, it will be evaluated silicofitolites deposition in the above-ground part and root system from plants collected in phases 1 and 2. (AU)
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