Dysbiosis in the oral cavity and its relationship with complications in pediatric oncology patients and patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation, with or without antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.

• Grant number: 23/09645-6
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: February 01, 2024 - January 31, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Dental Clinics
• Principal Investigator: Alyne Simões Gonçalves
• Grantee: Alyne Simões Gonçalves
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia (FO). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Adriana Aparecida Siviero Miachon ; Claudia Carrara Cotomacio ; Cristina Kurachi ; Edna Teruko Kimura ; Glauber Wagner ; Paulo Henrique Braz da Silva ; Rodrigo de Paula Baptista

Abstract

Among high-complexity patients, there are those in intensive care units (ICU) and oncology patients who require hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, often presenting a dysbiotic state that promotes the development of various complications, yet it remains poorly understood and explored. Therefore, the present project aims to evaluate oral dysbiosis in hospitalized ICU patients and oncopediatric patients and correlate it with oral and systemic complications. Additionally, for ICU patients, the objective is also to assess the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in managing the dysbiotic oral state.For the subproject involving ICU patients, a controlled and randomized clinical trial will be conducted with 40 patients, divided into two groups: a control group (undergoing oral hygiene) and an experimental group (undergoing oral hygiene and aPDT). In addition to clinical analyses, ICU patients using an orotracheal tube will have samples of oral mucosal biofilm collected for subsequent sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal marker and total sequencing.In the subproject involving oncopediatric patients, 19 patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation will have saliva samples collected at different experimental time points for subsequent biochemical analysis (antioxidant enzymes and microRNA) and microbiological analysis (human herpesvirus family). Clinical examinations will also be performed, including assessment of oral mucositis, pain, salivary flow rate, xerostomia, and graft-versus-host disease. (AU)