Multicentric evaluation of Innovative Diagnostic Methods for Invasive Mycoses in immunocompromised patients

• Grant number: 24/12605-9
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Start date: December 01, 2024
• End date: November 30, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Pathological Anatomy and Clinical Pathology
• Principal Investigator: João Nóbrega de Almeida Júnior
• Grantee: João Nóbrega de Almeida Júnior
• Host Institution: Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein (IIEPAE). Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein (SBIBAE). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: André Mario Doi ; Arnaldo Lopes Colombo ; Celso Arrais Rodrigues da Silva ; Cristóvão Luis Pitangueira Mangueira ; Fabianne Altruda de Moraes Costa Carlesse ; Ivan Leonardo Avelino França e Silva ; Jessica Fernandes Ramos ; João Renato Rebello Pinho ; Luiz Fernando Aranha Camargo ; Marinês Dalla Valle Martino ; Marjorie Vieira Batista ; Nelson Hamerschlak ; Vinicius Ponzio da Silva

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are an increasingly common problem in immunocompromised patients. Its high mortality is related to several factors, but the severity of the underlying diseases, which predisposes the patient to invasive mycoses, to late or erroneous diagnosis of IFIs, deserves to be highlighted. Technological advances with more accurate diagnostic tools may help to diagnose IFIs earlier and more accurately, allowing for earlier institution of targeted treatment.This study intends to implement and analyze the performance of new techniques for detection of galactomannan (lateral flow and chemiluminescence) and Aspergillus DNA, panfungal molecular methods, and new generation sequencing (NGS) for the investigation of IFIs in immunocompromised oncohematological patients.The results will demonstrate that quantification of galactomannan by chemiluminescence may be considered a more accurate method for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis compared to ELISA and lateral flow; there will be optimization in the diagnosis of Fusariosis, Mucormycosis and other hyalohyphomycoses through molecular methods, and the NGS analysis may be useful in the diagnosis of IFI, mainly in patients with previous exposure to antifungals. (AU)