Diversification and species boundaries of Rhinebothrium (Cestoda; Rhinebothriidea) in South American

• Grant number: 11/12249-8
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants - Publications - Scientific article
• Start date: August 01, 2011
• End date: January 31, 2012
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Zoology - Taxonomy of Recent Groups
• Principal Investigator: Fernando Portella de Luna Marques
• Grantee: Fernando Portella de Luna Marques
• Host Institution: Instituto de Biociências (IB). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Background: Neotropical freshwater stingrays (Batoidea: Potamotrygonidae) host adiverse parasite fauna, including cestodes. Both cestodes and their stingray hosts are marine-derived, but the taxonomy of this host/parasite system is poorly understood.Methodology: Morphological and molecular (Cytochrome oxidase I) data were used to investigate diversity in freshwater lineages of the cestode genus Rhinebothrium Linton,1890. Results were based on a phylogenetic hypothesis for 74 COI sequences and morphological analysis of over 400 specimens. Cestodes studied were obtained from 888 individual potamotrygonids, representing 14 recognized and 18 potentially undescribed species from most river systems of South America.Results: Morphological species boundaries were based mainly on microthrix characters observed with scanning electron microscopy, and were supported by COI data. Four species were recognized, including two redescribed (Rhinebothrium copianullum and R.paratrygoni), and two newly described (R. brooksi n. sp. and R. fulbrighti n. sp.).Rhinebothrium paranaensis Menoret & Ivanov, 2009 is considered a junior synonym of R. paratrygoni because the morphological features of the two species overlap substantially. The diagnosis of Rhinebothrium Linton, 1890 is emended to accommodate the presence of marginal longitudinal septa observed in R. copianullum and R. brooksi n.sp. A key to species of Rhinebothrium from potamotrygonids is provided. Patterns of host specificity and distribution ranged from use of few host species in few river basins, to use of as many as eight host species in multiple river basins. Significance: The level of intra-specific morphological variation observed in features such as total length and number of proglottids is unparalleled among other elasmobranch cestodes. This is attributed to the large representation of host and biogeographical samples. It is unclear whether the intra-specific morphological variation observed isunique to this freshwater system. Nonetheless, caution is urged when using morphological discontinuities to delimit elasmobranch cestode species because the amount of variation encountered is highly dependent on sample size and/or biogeographical representation. (AU)

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

FONTENELLE, JOAO PEDRO; PORTELLA LUNA MARQUES, FERNANDO; KOLMANN, MATTHEW A.; LOVEJOY, NATHAN R.. Biogeography of the neotropical freshwater stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygoninae) reveals effects of continent-scale paleogeographic change and drainage evolution. Journal of Biogeography, v. 48, n. 6, MAR 2021. (08/09436-8, 11/12249-8, 05/01299-3)

FONTENELLE, JOAO PEDRO; LOVEJOY, NATHAN R.; KOLMANN, MATTHEW A.; MARQUES, FERNANDO P. L.. Molecular phylogeny for the Neotropical freshwater stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygoninae) reveals limitations of traditional taxonomy. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 134, n. 2, p. 381-401, OCT 2021. (08/09436-8, 11/12249-8, 05/01299-3)