Origin of (Dynamical) Mass in Visible Universe and Hadron Properties in Nuclear ...
Study of meson and nucleon properties in vacuum and in nuclear medium based on the...
| Grant number: | 15/17234-0 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Field of knowledge: | Physical Sciences and Mathematics - Physics - Elementary Particle Physics and Fields |
| Principal Investigator: | Kazuo Tsushima |
| Grantee: | Kazuo Tsushima |
| Host Institution: | Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa. Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul (UNICSUL). São Paulo , SP, Brazil |
| Associated researchers: | Joao Pacheco Bicudo Cabral de Mello |
Abstract
The large hadron collider (LHC) is now well recognized, even outside the scientific community, for its discovery of the "god particle", the Higgs boson, which gives the origin of masses for all the fundamental particles in Standard Model (SM) (issues of neutrino masses and neutrino oscillations are beyond the Standard Model). On the other hand, most of the mass of the visible Universe is carried by protons, neutrons and atomic nuclei, which are not elementary. Their masses are the result of the strong force acting between quarks and gluons, which is described by a theory known as Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The main aims of the research projects presented here are to explore the structure of strongly interacting particles (known as hadrons) in free space and in medium. In the latter case, we are especially interested in the dense matter, the matter exists in the center of a large mass nuclei (e.g., a led nucleus), the core of neutron star, or the matter produced in high-energy heavy ion collisions.Hadrons, including the protons and neutrons which form the core of nuclei and atoms around us, interact strongly and are made of quarks and gluons. As we already mentioned, the dynamics of these quarks and gluons is described by a local gauge theory, called QCD. For a very long period, human beings strove to find the smallest constituents of matter. So far as we know,within the limits imposed by the energies that have so far been achieved, it is believed that the quarks and gluons, the leptons and the Higgs boson, are the smallest constituents of the matter. Although QCD is believed to be the theory of the strong interaction describing the dynamicsof quarks and gluons, the hadrons show much richer, unexpected features which emerge fromQCD but cannot be easily understood in terms of it. This feature becomes particularly evidentwhen hadrons are immersed in medium, or surrounded by many hadrons. In order to understand better the rich phenomena associated with hadron structure, experiments are being performed around the world in facilities such as JLab (Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in the USA), RHIC (the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory in the USA), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (in the USA), J-PARC (the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex), FAIR (the international Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Germany), COSY (Institute for Nuclear Physics in Juelich, Germany), and CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research, where the LHC is situated). One of the most important aims of this research proposal is to relate our theoretical investigations of the rich nature of hadronic matter, to the experimental results coming from these world wide experimental facilities. This is very important for Brazil as well as the state of Sao Paulo. (AU)
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