Karyotypic characterization of sugarcane using markers (ribosomal genes and BACs) obtained by molecular methods (FISH)

• Grant number: 10/17217-4
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• Start date: June 01, 2012
• End date: February 28, 2013
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Botany - Applied Botany
• Principal Investigator: Eliana Regina Forni Martins
• Grantee: Nair Dahmer
• Host Institution: Instituto de Biologia (IB). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 08/52197-4 - Genomic-assisted breeding of sugarcane: using molecular markers for understanding the genetic architecture of quantitative traits and to implement marker assisted selection, AP.BIOEN.TEM

Abstract

Breeding programs in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) have been being conducted for many years in order to select varieties that are more productive and resistant to pest, diseases and abiotic stress. This project is part of a wider project to breeding the species of the genus and involves genetic mapping studies by using various molecular markers. The information obtained will be fundamental to the knowledge of genetics and genomic structure of the species, enabling the development and use of genetic markers linked to traits of agronomic interest. The specific goal of this project is to provide cytogenetic information increase in the genetic breeding of sugarcane. A bank of BACs was built by the team of the project and is available for use in cytogenetic study. It is intended to determine the chromosome number of different varieties of sugarcane and anchor markings on the chromosomes by CMA/DAPI, in situ hybridization probes for 45S and 5S ribosomal DNA (location and number of repetitions of these sites) and BACs. In the in situ hybridization with BACs the success of obtaining specific probes for specific chromosomal groups will be tested. The preparation of karyotypes from different clones with the markers anchored will contribute to the construction of chromosomal maps for the varieties of sugarcane. The use of cytogenetic tools is essential is current programs of breeding once it is one well documented and useful manner to link genetic and phenotypic characteristics. (AU)