| Grant number: | 12/20022-6 |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |
| Start date: | November 01, 2012 |
| End date: | October 31, 2015 |
| Field of knowledge: | Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Soil Science |
| Agreement: | Vale-FAPEMIG-FAPESPA |
| Principal Investigator: | Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos |
| Grantee: | Erica Mendes Lopes |
| Host Institution: | Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Jaboticabal. Jaboticabal , SP, Brazil |
| Company: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Jaboticabal. Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV) |
Abstract The soil has been studied for the isolation of tens of thousands of strains producing various substances, and still today, cultivable soil microorganisms represent the main source of antibiotics and other bioactive compounds. Depending on the environment, microorganisms can also have positive induction in the activity of some antioxidant enzymes related to cellular protection against reactive oxygen species (EAOs) formed in the presence of a xenobiotic. Therefore, these enzymes have important applications as environmental biomarkers or bioindicators. An example is the enzyme Thioredoxin - Disulfide - Reductase (TR, TRX: EC 1.8.1.9.), which is encoded by the trxB gene, belonging to a family of enzymes responsible for antioxidation. Its role as regards the effects of aerobic respiration: EAOs such as superoxide (O2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) are produced inside the cells and typically are controlled by antioxidant molecules. In Escherichia coli, transcription factors and the type OxyR SoxR are able to activate genes with antioxidant function in response to oxidative stress, maintaining a reducing environment in the cytoplasm thanks to thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems. Cysteine residues play a key role in detecting and regulating the redox state, which is a key mediator of multiple metabolic processes, including transcriptional and signaling events. There are two routes to the destination of the electrons from NADPH which, through reduction reactions, keep cytoplasmic proteins in a reduced state. Although glutaredoxin and thioredoxin exhibit three-dimensional structures and similar active sites, the sources of electrons required for maintenance activities reducers are different. Such routes can be divided into two systems: (1) thioredoxin: (2) Thioredoxin reductase - Thioredoxin. In thioredoxin system, reducing the active site (CGPC) of thioredoxin protein is catalyzed by thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), which uses electrons from NADP. Thanks to/due to the importance of oxidative metabolism in the regulation of metabolic and transcriptional factors in the cell and its importance in the iron, oxidation this activities plan provides enrichment of soilsfrom mining areas to evaluate the diversity of microorganisms with oxirredutor potential, and further genes prospection focused on biotechnology bioremediation, biomar and environmental recovery. To perform this work metagenomic tools will be used, which will allow the access to the DNA of uncultured microorganisms in the laboratory, increasing the chances of finding such enzymes. (AU) | |
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