Comparative Study of the Effects of Immunomodulator P-MAPA Encapsulated with Mucoadhesive Polymeric Nanoparticles versus BCG Immunotherapy in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Progression

• Grant number: 12/16880-7
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• Start date: December 01, 2012
• End date: November 30, 2015
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Surgery
• Principal Investigator: Wagner José Fávaro
• Grantee: Ana Claudia da Silva Lima
• Host Institution: Instituto de Biologia (IB). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The low efficacy of treatment and high rates of bladder cancer (BC) recurrence may be related to low effects of these therapies on the mechanisms of tissue repair, angiogenesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, current drugs have low residence time and low penetration in the urothelium, contributing to the reduction of therapeutic response. Nowadays, the most effective therapy to Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) is the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy, which causes side effects of different intensities from irritative symptoms to serious systemic reaction, which contributes to treatment interruption besides increasing cancer index recurrence after treatment, up to 31%. Thus, the development of new molecules or improving of drugs that can increase penetration and residence time of drugs in the urothelium, with consequent reduction of intravesical instillation, rate of recurrence and progression of tumor and side effects are very relevant. In this scenario, we highlight the immunomodulator P-MAPA, which for its great versatility and minimal cytotoxicity opens a new perspective to treatment of some cancers types, including NMIBC. Thus, the aim of this study is to characterize and to compare the molecular and histopathological effects of P-MAPA, encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles coated with chitosan, with BCG immunotherapy in the treatment of NMIBC progression induced in rats and to establish the effects of these therapeutic strategies in factors inducers and repairers of cell damage, angiogenesis and ROS. For this, first of all, the P-MAPA will be nanonized and encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles using polycaprolactone polymer (PCL) coated with chitosan, to increase the residence time of P-MAPA and its penetration in the urothelium, reducing thereby the number of infusions and increasing the effectiveness of this immunomodulator. The particles with or without P-MAPA will be characterized in function of morphology by microscopic techniques, diameter and surface charge by dynamic light scattering and encapsulation efficiency by plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP). To compare the antitumor activity of P-MAPA encapsulated with BCG immunotherapy, Fischer 344 female rats will be used. These animals will be submitted to NMIBC chemical induction by instillation of 1.5 mg / kg of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) every 15 days, a total of 4 doses. Two weeks after the last dose of MNU, the animals will be divided into 8 experimental groups, namely: 2 control groups for BC (1 Positive - Group 1 and 1 Negative - Group 2), 4 groups will be treated for 6 consecutive weeks with BCG (40 mg, Group 3), P-MAPA (5 mg / kg, Group 4), encapsulated P-MAPA (5 mg / kg, Group 5) and Blank Particle (only polymeric nanoparticles, Group 6); 2 groups will be treated for 3 weeks with BCG and continuing by more 3 weeks with only P-MAPA (5 mg / kg, Group 7) and encapsulated P-MAPA (Group 8). After 16 weeks of treatment, histopathological, molecular and toxicological evaluation of all groups will be performed. In this project, it is expected to obtain a formulation of encapsulated P-MAPA in order to increase its efficiency, its penetration and its residence time in the urothelium obtaining, thereby, a more effective therapy with fewer side effects.

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

DURAN, NELSON; FAVARO, WAGNER J.. BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL MINERALS: MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS AND PERSPECTIVES. Química Nova, v. 41, n. 5, p. 567-576, MAY 2018. (15/20767-0, 14/12047-4, 11/05919-7, 09/50426-9, 12/19741-8, 15/00423-4, 16/03993-9, 14/08549-4, 99/06052-3, 12/13585-4, 12/05306-8, 13/01600-1, 12/11002-1, 13/10520-1, 16/07393-6, 13/11082-8, 13/10521-8, 11/05726-4, 13/11346-5, 14/11866-1, 11/03774-1, 12/16880-7)

DURAN, NELSON; FAVARO, WAGNER J.. BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL MINERALS: MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS AND PERSPECTIVES. Química Nova, v. 41, n. 5, p. 10-pg., 2018-05-01. (14/11866-1, 14/12047-4, 12/19741-8, 12/16880-7, 13/10521-8, 15/20767-0, 14/08549-4, 11/05919-7, 09/50426-9, 11/05726-4, 12/13585-4, 13/10520-1, 15/00423-4, 11/03774-1, 16/03993-9, 12/11002-1, 13/11346-5, 99/06052-3, 13/11082-8, 13/01600-1, 12/05306-8, 16/07393-6)

FAVARO, WAGNER JOSE; SILVA LIMA, ANA CLAUDIA; DIAS, QUEILA CRISTINA; GARCIA, PATRICK VIANNA; DURAN, NELSON. Nanocrystal's Formulation of Biological Response Modifier P-MAPA on Bladder Cancer Compared to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Immunomodulator. TURK ONKOLOJI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY, v. 37, n. 2, p. 11-pg., 2022-02-28. (12/16880-7, 12/11002-1)