Effect of the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the decontamination of infected alveoli before immediate implant placement: a histomorphometric and micro-CT study in dogs

• Grant number: 15/07998-2
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: June 01, 2015
• End date: December 31, 2015
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Periodontology
• Principal Investigator: Arthur Belem Novaes Junior
• Grantee: Mariana Menezes Peres
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (FORP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The placement of implants allows for re-establishment of function and esthetics following tooth loss. Immediate implant placement is a relatively recent procedure and has advantages, such as reduced number of surgical procedures, preservation of alveolar bone, reduction of cost and period of edentulism, and increased patient acceptance. However, there are some specific contraindications for the technique, such as the presence of an infection caused by periodontal disease and periapical lesions. Thus, alternatives for the decontamination of chronically contaminated sites prior to immediate implants placement needs to be tested and a viable option seems to be the use of the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). The objective of this study will be to evaluate the effectiveness of aPDT in the decontamination of alveoli infected by ligature-induced periodontitis, prior to implant placement. Firstly, periodontitis will be induced with ligatures, bilaterally in the mandibular pre-molars of 8 Beagle dogs for a period of 8 weeks. After disease installation and the period to turn it chronic, the pre-molars will be extracted and the following treatments will be established: in one hemi-mandible alveoli will be debrided and irrigated with saline consecutive to immediate implant placement, and on the other hemi-mandible alveoli will be debrided, irrigated with saline and will receive aPDT previously to immediate implant placement. After a healing period of 12 weeks, the effect of the decontamination on the peri-implant tissues and on alveolar healing will be evaluated. In sequence, the animals will be euthanized, and the hemi-mandibles will be removed and prepared for histomorphometric and micro-CT analysis.