Brazilian Institutions in comparative perspective (1891-1967).

• Grant number: 15/23791-9
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• Start date: December 12, 2016
• End date: April 14, 2017
• Field of knowledge: Humanities - Political Science
• Principal Investigator: Maria Teresa Miceli Kerbauy
• Grantee: Larissa Rodrigues Vacari de Arruda
• Supervisor: Anthony Wynne Pereira
• Host Institution: Centro de Educação e Ciências Humanas (CECH). Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). São Carlos , SP, Brazil
• Institution abroad: King's College London, England
• Associated to the scholarship: 13/23178-0 - Brazilian political Dynasties: ruptures and continuities of political Mato Grosso 1930-1964, BP.DR

Abstract

As a huge country, Brazil have inequality within its regions, which can be potentialized according its institutions. The differences are economical, hence, are social, scientific and of Human Development. Over the periods these inequalities between regions grows considerably, ergo, the institutional rules are important for equality within Brazilian's regions and the quality of democracy. In the 20th century, many institutional changes occurred, during the First Republic (1889-1930) the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais had the political supremacy despite the discontent of some states. The Revolution of 1930 put Getúlio Vargas in the presidency, whose regime includes the dictatorship of "Estado Novo" (1937-1945), when the federal power was heavily centralized and weakened regional groups. Finally, the democratization in 1945 brought others institutional changes, such as regular elections, more decentralized Federalism, etc. This project objective is to analyze the institutional changes within the five Brazilian Constitutions (1891, 1934, 1937, 1946 e 1967) as regards powers organization. For this, we take into account the practical aspect of the Constitutions, if the Constitution has occurred in real life or not. Then, we identify the institutional changes in each Constitution. In conclusion, we compare these five texts. The Historical Institutionalism is theory approach is utilized and we expect to elucidate formal and practices changes of the Constitutions. Thus, compare also differences among those regimes: First Republic, Vargas Regime, the Populist Republic and Military dictatorship.