Cleft lip/palate and dental phenotypes in Down Syndrome

• Grant number: 17/22218-9
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: January 01, 2018
• End date: December 31, 2018
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Dental Radiology
• Principal Investigator: Lucimara Teixeira das Neves
• Grantee: Isabella Claro Grizzo
• Host Institution: Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (HRAC). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Bauru , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Down's Syndrome is the most common chromosomal alteration between live births. Although the individuals with 21 trisomy show a few particular characteristics like: raised eyelid crevices, face with flattened outlines and high incidence to cardiovascular systemic problems, they can carry a normal life and develop naturally with the possibility of acquiring autonomy according to its ripening process. From the point of view of the oral phenotypes these subjects show macroglossia and the occurrence of dental anomalies, like, agenesis of several teeth, mainly the third molars, microdontia, increased in the prevalence of periodontal disease, among others. However, despite of macroglossia being a characteristic commonly related and it has direct relation with the embryonic craniofacial development, which could lead to an interference especially in the palatogenesis, little has been studied about the occurrence of cleft lip and palate in this specific group as well the occurrence of dental phenotypes in these cases of Down's Syndrome with cleft lip and palate. Therefore, the objective of this retrospective study will be to evaluate the standard of cleft lip and palate with Down's Syndrome and to describe which dental phenotypes are present in these cases. For the study, all the cases of Down's Syndrome enrolled in the Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - USP will be selected. In these cases, the records, photographs and radiographs filed at the HRAC will be analyzed, investigating the type of cleft lip and/or palate and the prevalence of dental phenotypes. The collected data will be tabulated, analyzed and presented in a descriptive way through graphs and tables. (AU)