Characterization and evaluation of the effects of triploidy on the expression of IL-1b, IFNy and TGFb cytokines and ARG2 and iNOS enzymes in Lambaris (Astyanax altiparanae)

• Grant number: 17/23573-7
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Effective date (Start): March 01, 2018
• Effective date (End): October 31, 2019
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Veterinary Medicine - Preventive Veterinary Medicine
• Principal researcher: Antonio Augusto Mendes Maia
• Grantee: Caroline Munhoz Meira
• Home Institution: Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Pirassununga , SP, Brazil

Abstract

National aquaculture represents an important economic modality in constant growth and, among the species used in this modality, the yellowtail tetra (Astyanax altiparanae) is one of the most important. Due to its intrinsic characteristic, this species is an attractive target for the triploidization process, which is characterized by the induction of the occurrence of an extra chromosome in the genomic set in comparison to what is normally observed for the species. This ploidy alteration is desirable to the aquaculture industry given that triploid animals usually present reproductive sterility and, by inducing this sterility, there is an increase in body weight gain, since that the energy that would be dispended for sexual maturation and procreation is redirected to the development of body mass, which is advantageous for commercialization purposes. These animals still are potentially useful in the production of generative chimeras for reproductive management of species that are difficult to reproduce in captivity. However, considering that triploidization has been increasingly used in aquaculture, little is still known regarding the disease susceptibility of triploid organisms when compared to diploids. This scenario represents a risk for their use in commercial productions, given that major losses may occur when these animals are used in large scale in fish farms. Therefore, the aim of the present project is to evaluate the triploidization effects on some immune parameters through the characterization of the sequences and basal gene expression analysis of the genes of the cytokines IL-1², IFNg e TGF-² involved in the communication between components of the innate immune system of animals and the enzymes Arg2 and iNOS related to macrophage activation in triploid specimens of A. altiparanae and compare to the levels observed in diploids. (AU)