M1 and M2 macrophage polarization in individuals with low and high cardiorespiratory fitness: potential role of adipose tissue, aging and leptin

• Grant number: 19/26378-6
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• Start date: October 01, 2020
• End date: May 31, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Physical Education
• Principal Investigator: Fábio Santos de Lira
• Grantee: Caíque de Figueiredo
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Presidente Prudente. Presidente Prudente , SP, Brazil
• Associated scholarship(s): 21/11060-0 - Polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in individuals with low and high cardiorespiratory fitness: potential role of adipose tissue, aging and leptin, BE.EP.DD

Abstract

Derived from a bone marrow myeloid lineage, monocytes are blood cells of the immune system that, when infiltrated into tissues, differentiate into anti-inflammatory (M2) or pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages. Polarization for M1 phenotype is enhanced in White Adipose Tissue (WAT) of obese and elderly subjects, exhibits potential in the production and release of inflammatory cytokines, favors the persistence of chronic low-grade inflammation, and exhibits predominance of glycolytic metabolism. On the other hand, the M2 phenotype is mostly found in WAT of trained eutrophic young individuals, furthermore, it also secretes cytokines that mediate the anti-inflammatory response, presents oxidative metabolism and its polarization is marked by the practice of physical exercise. However, there is evidence that exercise is a safe intervention to reduce the persistent pro-inflammatory condition found in the aging process (immunosenescence) and obesity. Thus, balance between M1 and M2 is essential for maintaining a healthy state, as well as cardiorespiratory fitness may be a key variable. Leptin is a hormone released mainly by WAT which, among the diversity of physiological functions, is able to modulate macrophage function. The response of macrophages to polarization stimuli for the M1 or M2 phenotype in the presence or absence of leptin will be evaluated in individuals with different visceral fat thicknesses, cardiorespiratory fitness levels and age, ascertaining the effective participation of the AMPK pathway. (AU)

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

PADILHA, CAMILA S.; FIGUEIREDO, CAIQUE; DEMINICE, RAFAEL; KRUGER, KARSTEN; SEELAENDER, MARILIA; ROSA-NETO, JOSE CESAR; LIRA, FABIO S.. Costly immunometabolic remodelling in disused muscle buildup through physical exercise. ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA, v. 234, n. 3, p. 12-pg., 2022-01-18. (18/23402-0, 19/26378-6, 18/19678-0)

SILVA, BRUNA SPOLADOR DE ALENCAR; PEREIRA, TELMO; MINUZZI, LUCIELE GUERRA; PADILHA, CAMILA SOUZA; FIGUEIREDO, CAIQUE; OLEAN-OLIVEIRA, TIAGO; DOS SANTOS, IVETE VERA MEDEIROS; VON AH MORANO, ANA ELISA; MARCHIOTO, OSMAR; RIBEIRO, JOSE PROCOPIO JABUR; et al. Mild to moderate post-COVID-19 alters markers of lymphocyte activation, exhaustion, and immunometabolic responses that can be partially associated by physical activity level- an observational sub-analysis fit-COVID study. FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, v. 14, p. 16-pg., 2023-09-11. (20/07765-6, 21/11932-8, 21/06338-0, 19/26378-6, 19/25626-6, 18/23402-0)

OLEAN-OLIVEIRA, TIAGO; FIGUEIREDO, CAIQUE; DE POLI, RODRIGO ARAUJO BONETTI; LOPES, VITHOR HUGO FIALHO; JIMENEZ-MALDONADO, ALBERTO; LIRA, FABIO SANTOS; ANTUNES, BARBARA MOURA. Menstrual cycle impacts adipokine and lipoprotein responses to acute high-intensity intermittent exercise bout. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY, v. 122, n. 1, SEP 2021. (19/26378-6, 19/22726-0, 19/17445-1, 19/11340-3, 19/25282-5)