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Dysautonomia and immunosuppression in Cancer: effect of aerobic exercise training

Grant number: 21/11800-4
Support Opportunities:Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
Start date: March 01, 2022
Status:Discontinued
Field of knowledge:Biological Sciences - Physiology - Physiology of Effort
Principal Investigator:Patricia Chakur Brum
Grantee:Janaina da Silva Vieira
Host Institution: Escola de Educação Física e Esporte (EEFE). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
Associated scholarship(s):24/08864-9 - ROLE OF ADRENERGIC SIGNALING IN INNATE LYMPHOID CELLS OF CANCER PATIENTS, BE.EP.DR

Abstract

Evidences in the literature have suggested that autonomic nerves may play a fundamental role in the behavior of tumor and immune cells in the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) and may be the target of future treatments that block immunosuppression in Cancer. In fact, the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) has been described as one of the factors that contributes to tumor progression and aggressiveness, however, the mechanisms by which the SNS can lead to Cancer worsening still need to be unraveled. Although there are several treatment strategies, Cancer remains one of the main causes of death in the world. Immunotherapy has been promising and provided a new treatment alternative for Cancer patients, however, most patients do not respond well to this treatment. One of the hypotheses for this limited response to immunotherapy is that Cancer patients present immunological dysfunction, especially in TME, where there is a reduction of the capacity of the immune system cells to eliminate tumor, which is called evasion of the immune system. The mechanisms that lead to immune system dysfunction in TME are not well understood. In this sense, T cells play a fundamental role in the antitumor response and, therefore, they have been the focus of most immunotherapy strategies. Among the factors that may contribute to T-cell dysfunction, little is known about the immunosuppressive effect of the SNS. There are several evidences showing that Aerobic Exercise Training (AET) and physical activity can reduce the incidence of Cancer and improve the prognosis of Cancer patients. Also, exercise training is able to restore T-cell function in experimental models of Cancer. Considering the beneficial effects of AET in Cancer and in the immune system and that a classic effect of AET is the reduction of sympathetic dysautonomia, our objective is to investigate the contribution of the SNS to the immunosuppression observed in Cancer and the effect of AET on changes to the SNS. (AU)

News published in Agência FAPESP Newsletter about the scholarship:
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Scientific publications
(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)
GARRAMONA, FABRICIO T.; CUNHA, TELMA F.; VIEIRA, JANAINA S.; BORGES, GABRIELA; SANTOS, GABRIELA; DE CASTRO, GILBERTO; UGRINOWITSCH, CARLOS; BRUM, PATRICIA C.. Increased sympathetic nervous system impairs prognosis in lung cancer patients: a scoping review of clinical studies. LUNG CANCER MANAGEMENT, v. 12, n. 4, p. 14-pg., . (20/06032-5, 21/11800-4)