The obstacle of solipsism in Being and Nothingness: Sartre between realism and idealism

• Grant number: 21/05960-9
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• Start date: May 01, 2022
• End date: August 31, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Humanities - Philosophy - History of Philosophy
• Principal Investigator: Silene Torres Marques
• Grantee: Fabrício Rodrigues Pizelli
• Host Institution: Centro de Educação e Ciências Humanas (CECH). Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). São Carlos , SP, Brazil

Abstract

This master's project aims to investigate to what extent the phenomenological ontology of Jean-Paul Sartre overcomes the problem of solipsism in Being and Nothingness. To this end, with the help of Sartre's theoretical writings prior to the ontology of 1943, which make up the state of the solipsism issue, we intend to analyze how Sartre's answer to the question of the existence of other consciousnesses is established in Being and Nothingness, since this work is characterized by marking the mature phase of the author's phenomenology, initially developed in the 1930s. In this way, since the first attempt to overcome the problem of solipsism, presented in The Transcendence of the Ego, of 1936, is considered insufficient by the French phenomenologist, we seek to investigate, in Being and Nothingness, his second answer to the problem of solipsism, as a way of situating Sartre's phenomenology in the debate between realism and idealism. In fact, since the 1943 ontology is a landmark of Sartre's theoretical maturity, we intend to present here the author's philosophical path in his renewed approach to the problem of solipsism.