Anatomo-clinical correlation of the diagnosis in patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

• Grant number: 22/11634-0
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: December 01, 2022
• End date: November 30, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Medical Clinics
• Principal Investigator: Rodrigo do Tocantins Calado de Saloma Rodrigues
• Grantee: Rafael da Costa Paschoalato
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), has been used as treatment to a number of malignant and non-malignant diseases. It consists in the usage of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) mobilized from peripheral blood, bone marrow or umbilical cord blood of donors related or not with the receptor they're transferred to. After their infusion, HSCs find the way home to the bone marrow, where after the engraftment process hosts hematopoiesis restart. It will take 2 to 4 weeks for the bone marrow reconstitution. During this period, the patient is going to experience anemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia that are going to be managed by environmental control, antibiotics and transfusional support. Throughout the first few weeks after infusion, acute and chronic complications related to the procedure - like infections, bleeding and organ failure - might occur. The patient may also develop either acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease. Any of these complications could rise both the morbidity and the mortality of receptors, therefore, analyzing the main causes of death after transplantation is necessary in order to upgrade diagnosis protocols developing preventive measures for a specific population. Accordingly, this project aims to correlate clinical diagnosis with the necropsy findings from a Brazilian transplanting center, since there are inconsistencies between them in until 27 percent of HSCT cases, which might have straight connection with the outcomes.