Evaluation of bovine enamel pigmentation after application of Malva sylvestris solutions for the prevention of dental caries on abiotic model and microcosm biofilm.

• Grant number: 23/02554-5
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: May 01, 2023
• End date: April 30, 2024
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Social and Preventive Dentistry
• Principal Investigator: Ana Carolina Magalhães
• Grantee: Rafaela Blasque Miranda
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (FOB). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Bauru , SP, Brazil

Abstract

This study will evaluate the ability of Malva sylvestris extract, used to prevent dental caries, to change the color of dental enamel on a model with or without microcosm biofilm. The proposal will be carried out in vitro. For this purpose, 126 bovine enamel samples will be used, cut and polished to remove grooves and cracks from the enamel surface in a controlled form. The surface's roughness (Ra) will be measured by the contact profileometer (Marh, Göttingen, Germany). Thus, all samples will have similar initial conditions (Enamel: Ra=0.100 to 0.300 ¼m). The initial concentration of Malva sylvestris extract has been previously defined in other studies and experimental groups will be selected following: 1. Malva sylvestris pure (50% alcohol); 2. Xylitol at 5%; 3. Fluoride (NaF, 225 ppm F); 4. Malvatricin Plus® (Positive Control 2); 5. PerioGard® (Positive Control 1); 6. PBS (Negative Control); 7. Alcohol-ethanol 50% (Negative control). The treatment solution will be applied 1x/day using 1 mL/min, with a range of 24 h between treatments for 4 days (n= 9/group) using both models. A digital spectrophotometer (Vila Easyshade®) will be used to analyze the enamel color change. Color measurements will be performed at the following: baseline (T0) before and (TF) after treatment (after 5 days). In the model without biofilm, the samples will be exposed to McBain's artificial saliva at 37 °C only (1 daily change after treatment), for 5 days. The microscomo biofilm model will be carried out for 5 days according to Braga et al. (2020). The color system adopted is the CIEDE 2000 (CIE Technical Report, Vienna, Austria) and the color change will be measured with the perceptibility threshold 50:50% (”E00 = 1.30). The statistical analysis will be performed with the absorbance values of enamel color being tabulated and submitted to the most appropriate parametric test: ANOVA/two-way (model with or without biofilm, type of treatment) followed by Bonferroni. The level of significance adopted will be 5%.