Plant growth promoting bacteria utilization under conventional and no-tillage sowing: Tools for sustainable optimization of peanut production in the Nova Alta Paulista region

• Grant number: 24/01853-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: June 01, 2024
• End date: May 31, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Crop Science
• Principal Investigator: Fernando Shintate Galindo
• Grantee: Luiz Augusto Cuvabara Senedes
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Dracena. Dracena , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Peanuts are a legume of great importance to the agricultural sector, due to their high potential for oil production and high protein and energy content, in addition to being widely used as a viable alternative for crop rotation systems and recovery of pastures and sugarcane fields. Currently, one of the main problems regarding crop management refers to soil preparation. Traditionally, peanut cultivation is carried out in a conventional planting system, with soil preparation, however, the search for increasingly conservationist, resilient and low-carbon technologies, such as direct seeding, may present a sustainable alternative to cultivating the crop. nother technology that fits into the context of modern sustainable agriculture refers to the use of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPBs), mainly in tropical conditions and can promote benefits in the growth and development of peanuts, with an impact on grain productivity. Considering the benefits seen in several crops with the inoculation of PGPBs, especially due to the phytohormonal effect acting directly on promoting plant growth, development of the root system, and consequently greater absorption and use of water and nutrients, in addition to the potential for increasing BNF and in the solubilization and efficiency of use of nutrients applied via fertilizers, it is believed that coinoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. together with BPCPs, such as Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus aryabhattai, can favor the development of the crop, and consequently grain productivity. It is worth mentioning that inoculation in peanut cultivation is still an unconsolidated and emerging technology. Furthermore, it is necessary to evaluate how inoculations may eventually affect the growth and development of peanuts in both types of soil management (conventional no-tillage sowing). Such studies are extremely relevant to understand how to improve/enable no-tillage sowing in peanut crops. Based on the above, the present proposal aims to evaluate the effect of coinoculations with plant growth-promoting bacteria on the growth, development and productivity of peanuts, in conventional soil management or direct sowing. The research will be carried out in the municipality of Dracena - SP, in an Ultisol with a sandy texture. The experiment will be carried out in randomized blocks with four replications and 10 treatments, arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme: 1) control - without inoculation; 2) co-control - inoculation only with Bradyrhizobium sp.; 3) inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. + A. brasilense; 4) inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp + Bacillus aryabhattai; 5) Bradyrhizobium sp + A. brasilense + B. aryabhattai; in conventional or no-tilage sowing in the straw of a degraded pasture. All treatments will be applied sprayed over the total area at the beginning of vegetative development, 10 days after emergence (V1/V2). The leaf chlorophyll index (LCI), gas exchange parameters (IRGA), dry mass in shoots and roots at the beginning of gynophore development (R2) and dry mass of shoots, production components, grain productivity in shelled and shelled and grain yield at the end of the cycle (R8-R9), as well as N accumulation in shoots and grains will be evaluated.