Chromosomal characterization of Myracrodruon urundeuva: implications for the genetics of the species

• Grant number: 24/04717-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: July 01, 2024
• End date: June 30, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Genetics - Plant Genetics
• Principal Investigator: Celso Luis Marino
• Grantee: Ana Carolina Souza Friia
• Host Institution: Instituto de Biotecnologia (IBTEC). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Botucatu. Botucatu , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Cytogenetics focuses on the study of chromosomes, exploring their structure, cell division, and transmission of genetic information. Originating over two centuries ago, this discipline emerged from the intersection of cytology and genetics, playing a fundamental role in the subsequent development of molecular genetics. Over time, technological advances have driven the evolution of cytogenetics, branching into two main approaches: classical cytogenetics, which analyzes chromosomal morphology, and molecular cytogenetics, which employs advanced techniques for more detailed and specific investigation, such as the use of fluorescent probes for detecting repetitive regions, for example. Cytogenetic studies in various plant species, including the Anacardiaceae family, have contributed to understanding the evolution of these groups. Within the Anacardiaceae family, Myracrodruon urundeuva, popularly known as aroeira, is a characteristic species of South America, with significant economic and ecological importance. Its properties include resistance, adaptation to various environments, as well as use for medicinal purposes. Despite the relevance of aroeira, cytogenetic research on the Anacardiaceae family is limited, representing a gap in knowledge regarding its chromosomal structure and evolution. Cytogenetic analysis is essential for understanding evolutionary history, genomic sequencing, and species conservation. The scarcity of in-depth studies in this area in Brazilian biodiversity contrasts with research in animal and human cytogenetics, highlighting the need for deeper investigations in plant genetics.