Energy management system between charging stations connected to the distribution grid

• Grant number: 24/00607-7
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• Effective date (Start): December 01, 2024
• Effective date (End): July 31, 2028
• Field of knowledge: Engineering - Electrical Engineering - Industrial Electronics, Electronic Systems and Controls
• Principal Investigator: Ricardo Quadros Machado
• Grantee: Márcio Von Rondow Campos
• Host Institution: Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos (EESC). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Carlos , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The search for reducing the emission of polluting gases and diversifying the energy matrix motivates the development of electrified vehicles (EVs) which, by integrating energy storage with solar and wind sources, seek to regulate the flow of energy and stability of the vehicle DC link at microgrid (MG). As a consequence, it is necessary to add a large number of charging stations (CS) to an MG in order to meet the energy demand requested by the batteries of these EVs, which can harm the stability of the distribution grid (DG) due to its maximum power generation limit. In order to guarantee the stability of the DG, this doctoral scholarship application proposes to develop an energy management system (EMS) for MGs to integrate the various CSs in an DG through a hierarchical control structure. The EMS consists of the use of droop or modified droop controllers at the primary level, while at the secondary level the use of strategies based on non-linear functions and consensus are more suitable to act on sharing power between CSs, as well as avoiding frequency instability in the DG. At the tertiary level, through optimization algorithms, the performance of the MG will be taken into account based on economic and technical criteria of the DG in question, evaluating the cost reduction with the increase in the efficiency of the CSs connected to the DG. Validation of the developed techniques will be carried out through software simulations, bench experimental tests and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation, which will allow the simulation of a greater number of CSs connected to the DG, that is, it will be feasible to analyze scenarios realistic and make validation reliable. In this sense, it is expected to find results that make the expansion of CS infrastructure in Brazil economically viable.