Scholarship 24/14493-3 - Armazenamento de hidrogênio, Hidreto de magnésio - BV FAPESP
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Development of New Hydrogen Storage Composites containing Magnesium Hydride and High Entropy Alloys

Grant number: 24/14493-3
Support Opportunities:Scholarships abroad - Research
Start date until: March 01, 2025
End date until: February 28, 2026
Field of knowledge:Engineering - Materials and Metallurgical Engineering - Physical Metallurgy
Principal Investigator:Daniel Rodrigo Leiva
Grantee:Daniel Rodrigo Leiva
Host Investigator: Zlotea Claudia
Host Institution: Centro de Ciências Exatas e de Tecnologia (CCET). Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). São Carlos , SP, Brazil
Institution abroad: Institut De Chimie Et Des Matériaux Paris-Est, France  

Abstract

Hydrogen storage is an important topic of applied research, in order to make H2 viable as a cleaner and more renewable energy source. Some of the most important recent advances in this area involve the development of solid hydrogen tanks using magnesium hydride. The main advantages of this material are its high gravimetric and volumetric storage capacities and the low cost of the starting metal. However, even in the nanocrystalline state, temperatures around 300°C are required for the absorption/desorption reactions of H2 by Mg. In recent years, a new concept in alloy design has gained increasing attention: the development of high entropy alloys (HEAs). These alloys contain several elements combined in an (approximately) equiatomic manner, and are therefore multicomponent and do not have only one main element. The name 'HEA' comes from its expected high configurational entropy. Among its promising applications, its ability to absorb hydrogen at room temperature or close to room temperature stands out. However, the gravimetric capacities achieved are significantly lower than those of MgH2. In this project, MgH2 and selected HEAs will be combined through high-energy milling under hydrogen atmosphere (reactive milling, MR) to produce new MgH2-HEA composites with improved hydrogen storage properties. Two different approaches will be evaluated: (i) the use of the selected HEAs as additives (10% by weight), to explore their catalytic action in the hydrogen absorption/desorption reactions by Mg; and (ii) the use of HEAs as the abundant component of the composite (40% by weight), to explore the possible synergy with Mg in the aspects of reaction kinetics and also storage capacity. The obtained microstructures will be evaluated by different conventional and advanced structural characterization techniques. The evolution of the phases formed during processing and during the H2 absorption/desorption reactions will be evaluated by laboratory X-ray diffraction (XRD) or using synchrotron radiation, or neutron diffraction. Real-time monitoring of H2 temperature and pressure during milling will provide important information on the catalytic effects achieved in the different nanocomposites during the mechanochemical synthesis of the hydrides. Analyses of size, morphology and distribution of the phases present will be performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The H2 absorption/desorption properties will be determined by thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and kinetic and thermodynamic measurements by the Sievert volumetric method. The analysis of the results should lead to the establishment of correlations between structure, properties and processing for these new Mg-based nanocomposites for solid-state hydrogen storage.

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