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Distinguishing between the Mach-band effect, recurrent caries lesions, and lining materials in intraoral radiographic systems with different exposure times

Grant number: 24/18056-7
Support Opportunities:Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
Start date: May 01, 2025
End date: December 31, 2025
Field of knowledge:Health Sciences - Dentistry - Dental Radiology
Principal Investigator:Hugo Gaêta Araujo
Grantee:Luan Nunes da Silva
Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (FORP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The Mach-band effect occurs in radiographic interpretation when there is an optical illusion of higher contrast than actually exists, pronounced in transition regions between high and low density structures. The aim of this research project will be to evaluate the influence of the Mach-band effect on the accuracy of digital radiographs for identifying lining material and detecting recurrent caries lesions in two radiographic systems with different exposure times. Sixty molar teeth will be used, which will be submitted to cavity preparations and restored with the application of different lining material conditions: control group (n=15), caries (n=15), adhesive (n=10), calcium hydroxide cement (n=10) and glass ionomer cement (n=10). Radiographic images will be acquired using a digital radiographic sensor and a phosphor storage plate system, with exposure times varying between 0.14 and 0.50 seconds. The images obtained will be randomized and assessed by five examiners individually as to the presence or absence of lining material/caries lesion, using a 5-point scale at two points in time: without and with the mask placed over the restoration. The frequency of detection of radiolucent images underlying the restoration and the diagnostic values will be calculated and the variables will be compared using analysis of variance with Tukey's post-hoc test at a 5% significance level. At the end of this study, we hope to elucidate the impact of the Mach-band effect on the diagnostic accuracy of digital radiography in detecting lining material and recurrent caries lesions underlying composite resin restorations and whether it is possible to differentiate them from the Mach-band effect, especially with the use of a mask. In addition, it is hoped to determine whether exposure time has an influence on this diagnostic task and on distinguishing the Mach-band effect, considering different radiographic systems.

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