Effectiveness of a Functionality-Centered Biopsychosocial Model in the Care of Individuals with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in a Specialized Health Service - A Retrospective Longitudinal Study.

• Grant number: 24/22363-2
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: July 01, 2025
• End date: June 30, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy
• Principal Investigator: Helen Cristina Nogueira Carrer
• Grantee: Ana Luisa Abilio Marchiori
• Host Institution: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS). Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR). São Carlos , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic musculoskeletal pain presents a global health challenge, impacting individuals' quality of life and functional capacity. Approximately 40% of Brazil's adult population suffers from this condition, with women being the most affected. In this context, the biopsychosocial model (BPSM) has gained prominence for integrating biological, psychological, and social factors in pain management. Implementing the biopsychosocial model in specialized healthcare services appears to enhance the assessment and treatment of individuals with chronic pain, improving functional outcomes and quality of life. A key element in this process is the interdisciplinary team, contributing to a more comprehensive assessment and treatment plan. Objective: To determine whether a functionality-centered biopsychosocial model is more effective in caring for individuals with chronic pain than a pain-centered biopsychosocial model. Methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal study using data from medical records of the specialized pain clinic (Clínica da Dor) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). Participants with chronic musculoskeletal pain who underwent a three-month treatment at the clinic will be included. The sample will be divided into two groups: one treated using a pain-centered biopsychosocial model, which involves assessments with various tools to identify key pain-related characteristics, and another with a functionality-centered biopsychosocial model, guided by WHODAS 2.0 and WHOQoL, developing an interdisciplinary therapeutic plan with SMART goals. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 26, with statistical analysis based on the intention-to-treat principle. Additionally, mixed linear models will examine effectiveness and cost-effectiveness outcomes.Expected Results: The functionality-centered biopsychosocial model is anticipated to achieve greater pain reduction, improved functional outcomes, and higher treatment adherence compared to the pain-centered model. The study also aims to support the implementation of more efficient and cost-effective chronic pain treatment strategies, focusing on patient functionality.Keywords: functional rehabilitation; interdisciplinary treatment; cost-effectiveness.