Citotaxonomy of Orchidaceae from Atlantic Rain Forest: emphasis on subtribe Maxillarineae s.l.

• Grant number: 08/03673-8
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• Start date: April 01, 2009
• End date: March 31, 2012
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Botany - Plant Taxonomy
• Principal Investigator: Eliana Regina Forni Martins
• Grantee: Ana Paula de Moraes
• Host Institution: Instituto de Biologia (IB). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Brazil has the major biodiversity in the world, with approximately 55,000 plant species. The Orchidaceae family is considered the largest family among plants families, presenting 800 genus and 25,000 species. Unsurprising, Brazil presents the largest diversity of orchids, showing almost 10% of all described species, many of them endemic from Atlantic Rain Forest, the second more endangered tropical forest in the world. Many orchids have become endangered and threatened species, but the real number could be much bigger, due to the limited plant collection and incorrectly classification of some species. Facing this alarming situation is important to obtain data related to the species' taxonomy and biogeography to the development of more efficient conservation programs. Despite many studies, the astonishingly orchid biodiversity still poorly understood, without a formal classification proposal for the family. Surprisingly, modern cytological approaches, so useful in taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, have hardly been applied in orchids. In this way, this project aims to supply this deficiency, using banding and in situ hybridization techniques for to analyze the chromosome divergence and how it could influences on patterns of speciation, which could results in species differentiation. Finally, this project, based on molecular cytogenetic and field data, will considerably extend our understanding about Orchidaceae phylogeny and evolution, helping to indicating the taxonomic units and species with priority to conservation.

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

MORAES, A. P.; KOEHLER, S.; CABRAL, J. S.; GOMES, S. S. L.; VICCINI, L. F.; BARROS, F.; FELIX, L. P.; GUERRA, M.; FORNI-MARTINS, E. R.. Karyotype diversity and genome size variation in Neotropical Maxillariinae orchids. Plant Biology, v. 19, n. 2, p. 298-308, MAR 2017. (11/22215-3, 08/03673-8)

MORAES, ANA PAULA; SIMOES, ANDRE OLMOS; ALAYON, DARIO ISIDRO OJEDA; DE BARROS, FABIO; FORNI-MARTINS, ELIANA REGINA. Detecting Mechanisms of Karyotype Evolution in Heterotaxis (Orchidaceae). PLoS One, v. 11, n. 11, NOV 10 2016. (11/22215-3, 08/03673-8)