Evaluation of salivary biomarker for alveolar bone pattern in morbid obese subjects

Author(s)

Rafaela Carolina Soares Bonato

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Bauru.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (FOB/SDB)
• Defense date: 2014-09-09

Examining board members

Sílvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres; Rodrigo Cardoso de Oliveira; Antonio Carlos Pereira

• Advisor: Sílvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres

Abstract

Adipose tissue may adjust bone metabolism and can be involved in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. This study aims to evaluate the periodontal conditions, the bone alveolar pattern through panoramic radiomorphometric indexes and linear measurements on periapical radiographs, as well as analysis of leptin as a biomarker in morbidly obese subjects. The sample consists of 60 women aged 20-35 years, divided into two groups: experimental group (EG- obesity level III, BMI> 40Kg/m2) and control group (CG-eutrophic, BMI 18.5 and 24.99 kg/m2). The sample consists of 30 obese and 30 normal weight. Anthropometric measures were using the BMI and haist-to-hip ratio. The periodontal status was assessed through Turesky´s plaque index, probing depth, gingival bleeding index, clinical attachment level and presence of dental calculus. Bone pattern was evaluated by radiographs: 2 periapicals lower posterior (left and right) through parallel technique, evaluated the trabecular pattern trough visual scale by Lindh and measured linear distances between cement-enamel junction to alveolar crest; and panoramic analysis by radiomorphometric indexes; and measured of salivary leptin by ELISA. The OHIP- 14 questionnaire was applied on the impact of oral conditions on the quality of life. Student´s \"t\" test and Chi-square were adopted for comparison between groups (p <0.05). Among the subjects examined, there was a greater plaque index, gingival bleeding (GI) and presence of calculus in obese (p <0.05). In addition, higher prevalence of sites with probing depth 3mm e 4mm in the obese group (p < 0.05). The alveolar bone loss was greater in obese group, however there was no significant difference to the control group (p>0.05). There was significant difference relative to the trabecular pattern, and obese women had greater marrow spaces, suggesting lower bone density than eutrophic (p < 0.05). Regarding radiomorphometric indexes, both groups showed values within the normal range. The salivary leptin concentration was higher in obese (p <0.05). The obese women had a higher impact of oral health on the quality of life, especially to the physical limitation domain. It is concluded, the periodontal condition was more severe in obese patients with a higher plaque index, probing depth greater, bleeding on probing and presence of calculus. The obese women also had greater bone loss and trabecular pattern sparse. Well as higher concentrations of salivary leptina. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/13659-8 - Evaluation of salivary biomarker for alveolar bone pattern in obese morbid patients
• Grantee: Rafaela Carolina Soares Bonato
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master