Brazilian Triassic tetrapods: an investigation involving database and clustering analysis.

Author(s)

Elisabete Caroline Gimenes Dassie

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2014-10-15

Examining board members

Max Cardoso Langer; Simone D'Orazi Porchetti; Marina Bento Soares

• Advisor: Max Cardoso Langer

Abstract

The Triassic is a period of great importance in the history of life on Earth, where important evolutionary events occurred among the vertebrate lineages. To better understand the transition between a terapsid dominated fauna of the beginning of the period to one dominated by dinosaurs at its end, studies of the correlation of Triassic sediments at a global scale have been intensifying in recent years. Essential to subsidize such correlations is a detailed regional biostratigraphy. In Brazil, Triassic tetrapods are known only in the deposits of the Rosario do Sul Group, Rio Grande do Sul State. Based on these fossils, many biostratigraphical proposals have been elaborated, but are still considered as preliminary ones. As the search for new fossil sites and new discoveries generate an accumulation of data about the Brazilian Triassic, few works on the allocation of this information have been developed, however, and we believe that part of the difficulty in establishing a more detailed biostratigraphical zonings for this is due to the inadequate availability of data on the fossils of every prospected locality in the region. As a means to resolve this obstacle, the main objective of the present work was the construction of a Database of Triassic tetrapods, along with the information already published on the subject, added to an overview in loco of catalogued specimens of certain scientific collections of the State. This Database was used to test the established biostratigraphical proposals by means of a study on faunistic similarities, with detainment at location level, by use of multivariated statistics (cluster analysis) in different levels of taxonomic amplitude. We used Jaccard (qualitative) and Moristia-Hom (quantitative) similarity indexes to construct the distance matrix, and the Wards method of clustering to generate the dendograms. The resulting qualitive analysis produced clusteres that matched more closely with previous biostratigraphical proposals. The other quantative analysis did not result in stable clusters, but this is not due to methodological problems, however, but due to the use of taxa that are not sucitable for biostratigraphical studies. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/16006-2 - Relational Database about Brazilian Triassic tetrapods: biostratigraphic and macroevolutionary inferences using LUND System.
• Grantee: Elisabete Caroline Gimenes Dassie
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master