Elaboration and application of a phonological decoding intervention program in children at risk for reading difficulties

Author(s)

Nathane Sanches Marques Silva

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Bauru.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (FOB/SDB)
• Defense date: 2015-03-31

Examining board members

Patricia Abreu Pinheiro Crenitte; Aline Roberta Aceituno da Costa; Flávia Ferreira de Sá e Benevides Fóz

• Advisor: Patricia Abreu Pinheiro Crenitte

Abstract

The oral language and phonological processing skills, phonological awareness, phonological memory and fast access to the lexicon, are prerequisites for the acquisition of written language. Thus, children with difficulties in the acquisition and development of oral language and/or difficulties in one or more of phonological processing skills may be considered at risk for reading difficulties, the same child is standing still in preschool. The purpose of this study was to elaborate, apply and analyze a program of phonological decoding in children at risk for reading difficulties. Participated in this study were 30 children of both genders, with aged six and seven years and 11 months. This is an experimental study in which the studied group of children at risk for reading difficulties (formed by 10 children) underwent the phonological decoding intervention program, for comparison with the control group of children at risk for reading difficulty (formed by 10 children) and the control group of children without risk for reading difficulties (formed by 10 children), not submitted to the intervention program. The program was elaborated from the intervention proposal used by Rivers, Lombardino and Thompson and Rivers and Lombardino, the program contains 24 sessions, wherein the first 12 sessions were performed in groups of 2 to 3 children and other sessions were conducted individually, the sessions had 50 minutes and were held twice a week. Skills have been developed such as: naming and production of the sounds of the letters in uppercase and lowercase form; phonological awareness at the level of consciousness of words and syllables, and the level of phonemic awareness; reading with the aim of understanding of small books; read monosyllabic words syllable structure type consonant-vowel-consonant. The results revealed that children at risk for reading difficulty, submitted to phonological decoding intervention program showed improvement in the evaluation after intervention statistically significant for the performance of skills: naming letters; grapheme-phoneme relationship; phonological awareness; phonological memory to not words; phonological memory for digits in the forward; writing the alphabet in sequence; written under dictation of words and pseudowords; reading words and pseudowords. Therefore, the phonological decoding intervention program showed to be a beneficial tool for intervention of children at risk for reading difficulty, since was increased of the skills stimulated (naming letters, letter-sound association / grapheme-phoneme, phonological awareness and reading words and pseudowords), and also increased the working memory phonological and writing words and pseudo skills that were not stimulated directly by the program. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/11165-0 - Elaboration and application of a phonological decoding intervention program in children at risk for reading difficulties
• Grantee: Nathane Sanches Marques Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master