Corn processing methods and dietary concentrations of insoluble neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from sugarcane bagasse in diets for finishing cattle

Author(s)

Antonio Humberto Fleury de Melo

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Piracicaba.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC)
• Defense date: 2015-08-24

Examining board members

Flavio Augusto Portela Santos; Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa; Juliano José de Resende Fernandes; Danilo Domingues Millen; Alexandre Vaz Pires

• Advisor: Flavio Augusto Portela Santos

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of feed containing flint corn grain processed by ground or steam-flaked combined with diets containing 4; 7; 10 or 13% roughage NDF (DM basis) using sugarcane bagasse as source of fiber and their interactions. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1: 240 Nellore bulls (BW=350±37,36 kg) were randomly divided into 32 pens in a factorial 2 × 4 arrangement of. The animals were blocked based on their initial BW. The data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. There was no interaction between the concentrations of sugarcane bagasse NDF and processing methods on performance, carcass characteristics, morphometric measures of papillae, energy diets, starch and feeding behavior. Ground corn provided higher dry matter intake (DMI), fecal starch, number of papillae, rumen absorptive surface area of the papillae and representativeness of the absorptive surface and lower energy intake, body weight, daily weight gain, worse feed efficiency, lower carcass weight, rumination time, energy in the diet, total-tract starch digestibility energy corn than steam-flaked. The increase in the concentration of NDF of BIN in the diets caused a quadratic effect for IMS, linear reduction in carcass yield, energy diets and linear increase in rumination and chewing. There was interaction between NDF concentrations and processing methods for papillae width measurements. The results indicate that the steam-flaked was higher than ground corn to optimize the performance of Nellore bulls. In experiment 2: sixteen Nellore bulls (BW=443,52±24,80 kg) fitted with rumen cannula, randomly allocated to 16 pens for two periods in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement. The data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. There were no interactions between corn processing and dietary concentrations of sugarcane bagasse NDF. Steam-flaking increased in DM digestibility, total carbohydrates (TCHO), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), of starch, dietary TDN concentration, of rumen propionate concentration and microbial efficiency and provided higher final volume of degradation CNF, CNF degradation rate and decreased rumen N-NH3 concentration, N intake, N urea in plasma (PUN), N urine, total N excretion and lag time. Increasing dietary sugarcane bagasse NDF caused a quadratic response for DMI, N intake and N absorption and linear decrease in total tract apparent digestibility of DM and of TCHO, concentration of propionate and total VFA and linear increases in rumination and chewing. In conclusion, steam-flaking was greater than the ground corn to improve the digestibility of DM, to increase energy value of flint corn and feeding and improve N metabolism. Increasing dietary sugarcane bagasse NDF stimulate rumination, but decreases the efficiency of production energy in the rumen. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/22332-0 - CORN GRAIN PROCESSING AND GROWING LEVELS OF NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE FORRAGE(fNDF)IN FEEDLOT NELORE CATTLE FINISHING DIETS
• Grantee: Antônio Humberto Fleury de Melo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate