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| Author(s): |
Priscila Canesqui da Costa
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2015-10-05 |
| Examining board members: |
Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira;
Milton Groppo Junior;
Maura Helena Manfrin;
Gecele Matos Paggi;
Leandro Cardoso Pederneiras
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| Advisor: | Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo Pereira |
| Abstract | |
Global climate oscillations led to changes in the landscape during the Quaternary. Phylogeography is a discipline that seeks to understand the processes involved in spatial structure of genetic diversity, which is a consequence of expansions and retractions of vegetation. Phylogeographic studies in the Neotropics are important to the understanding the origin and maintenance of high biodiversity of this region. To investigate the influence of these processes in the evolution of tree species, we analyzed the distribution patterns of genetic diversity of three species of the genus Ficus widespread in the Neotropics. Ficus insipida and F. adhatodifolia are two closely related species of this genus, which occur in two major forest types of the Neotropical region, and present ecological and morphological similarities. The phylogeographic patterns observed in this study revealed a recent diversification, with ancestral hybridization in central South America, the contact area between the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest. In turn, the phylogeographic patterns observed in F. citrifolia revealed that the climatic fluctuations of the Pleistocene were not responsible for the spatial structuring of the genetic diversity distribution. The high genetic differentiation between populations and the presence of fixed haplotypes are related to founder effects. The diversification of lineages initiated in the Pleistocene, with the separation of two major clades. Due to the absence of geographically structured clades, the phylogenetic relationships of F. citrifolia lineages appear to have been influenced by long distances dispersal events, followed by strong bottlenecks. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/01205-0 - Phylogeography and genetic diversity of two Neotropical fig species (Moraceae) with distinct biologies |
| Grantee: | Priscila Canesqui da Costa |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |