Superconductivity in (Nb1-xZrx)B solid solutions

Author(s)

Fábio Santos Alves Abud

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Física (IF/SBI)
• Defense date: 2016-08-19

Examining board members

Renato de Figueiredo Jardim; Iakov Veniaminovitch Kopelevitch; Cristina Bormio Nunes

• Advisor: Renato de Figueiredo Jardim

Abstract

This work is presented as a systematically study regarding superconductivity in niobium-zirconium monoborides and their solid solutions. Polycrystalline samples of Nb1-xZrxB, with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2, niobium rich Nb1-zBz and boron rich NbB1+δ borides were arc-melted on a water-cooled Cu hearth under high purity Argon atmosphere, by mixing high purity Nb foils, B flakes and metallic Zr pieces. Some arc-melted samples were placed in a quartz ampoule with Argon partial pressure and heat treated at 1100 °C during 150 h. The samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction XRD, temperature and magnetic field dependence of dc magnetization M(T, H), electrical resistance R(T, H) and heat capacity Cp(T, H). Micrographs of few samples were also obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Small weight losses were observed in all as-cast samples, leading to the formation of Nb-B (or Nbss) and/or Nb1-yZry solid solutions as secondary phases, all of them with low volume fractions. The solubility limit of Zr within Nb1-xZrxB lattice was found to be close to 10 at. % Zr. Except the boron-rich compound NbB1.2, every sample, as-cast or heat treated, exhibited superconducting properties below Tc ~ 9 K, a temperature very close to that known for pure, superconducting niobium of Tc ~ 9.2 K. Some internal discrepancies within the obtained data arise when the orthorhombic phase Nb1-xZrxB is assumed to be superconducting, despite it being the majority phase in the XRD patterns of the samples. This is suggested by a huge difference between the Meissner fraction in magnetic susceptibility χ(T) curves of bulk and powdered samples, small values of specific heat jumps in comparison with the expected within the weak-coupling BCS theory and lack of superconductivity in a specimen (NbB1.2) in which the main phase is NbB. By combining all the experimental results obtained in over two dozen samples studied, we argue that the NbB compound is not a superconducting material, as opposed to what has been reported previously. Also, the superconducting properties found in Nb1-xZrxB alloys are then associated with the occurrence of extra phases Nbss and/or Nb1-yZry which are present in all superconducting samples. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/12401-2 - Superconductivity in (Nb1-xZrx)B solid solutions
• Grantee: Fábio Santos Alves Abud
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master