Mechanisms and consequences of dynamical mass generation for the gluon

Author(s)

Clara Teixeira Figueiredo

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin
• Defense date: 2016-02-09

Examining board members

Arlene Cristina Aguilar; Adriano Antonio Natale; Márcio José Menon

• Advisor: Arlene Cristina Aguilar

Abstract

In this work, we describe the mechanisms at work in the gluon dynamical mass generation in the nonperturbative regime of QCD. In addition, we obtain some effects of this mass generation allied to the behavior of the ghost, which remain massless in the nonperturbative region, in other fundamental Green's functions of QCD. From the Schwinger-Dyson equations, we present a general theoretical formalism to deal with mass generation in Yang-Mills theories. The central construction relies on the combined action of the Ward identities satisfied by the nonperturbative vertices (within the PT-BFM scheme) and a special identity, called seagull identity, in the diagrams that comprise the Schwinger-Dyson equation for the gluon propagator. The result of these considerations is that the gluon remains rigorously massless, given that the vertices do not contain poles. When such poles are incorporated to the vertices of the theory, the terms are combined in a way that the total annihilation of the quadratic divergences remains and, at the same time, residual contributions appear, which provoke the gluon propagator saturation in the deep infrared. These poles behave as massless bound-state excitations and can be studied using the Bethe-Salpeter equations. The analyses carried out previously within this context considered only the possibility of a pole in the three-gluon vertex, neglecting effects from possible poles in the remaining vertices. Here, we obtain the contribution of the presence of a pole in the gluon-ghost vertex for the dynamical equation that describes the creation of such poles. Finally, we note that the fact that the gluon gains a dynamical mass and the ghost remains massless impacts some of the Green's functions of the theory, in particular, the gluon propagator and the three-gluon vertex. Thus, we verify that the divergent behavior of the ghost loops induces simultaneously a maximum in the gluon propagator and a minimum in the kinetic term of this propagator. Besides, these loops generate a change in sign and a negative divergence in the infrared in one of the form factor of the three gluon vertex, calculated in a specific kinematic configuration (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/16247-8 - Effects of divergent ghost loops in the presence of dynamical quarks
• Grantee: Clara Teixeira Figueiredo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master