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| Author(s): |
Érika Breda Canova
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/STB) |
| Defense date: | 2016-07-22 |
| Examining board members: |
Helder Louvandini;
Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante;
Luciana Morita Katiki;
Alessandro Pelegrine Minho;
Eidi Yoshihara
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| Advisor: | Helder Louvandini; Luciana Morita Katiki |
| Abstract | |
Endoparasites have demonstrated resistance to the main anthelmintics found in the Market and new sustainable strategies are needed to control them. This work aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of 17 extracts of taniniferous plants that belongs to the Fabaceae family by in vitro egg hatch test (EHT), larval exsheathment test (LET) with Haemonchus contortus and larval motility test (LMT) with Caenorhabditis elegans. Arachis pintoi cv Amarillo and Caesalpinia echinata. Arachis pintoi cv Amarillo, Caesalpinia echinata, Cajanus cajan, Calopogonium velutinum, Canavalia ensiformis, Centrosema pubencens cv Cardillo, Cratylia mollis, Dipteryx alata, Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala cv Cunningham, Leucaena pulverulenta, Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia, Neonotonia wighiti cv Cianova, Noenotonia wighiti cv Tinaroo, Piptadenia colubrina, Stylosanthes guianensis and Styzolobium aterrimun were collected from Agrostological field from Instituto de Zootecnia (Nova Odessa/SP). The phytochemicals were extracted by maceration in acetone:water (70:30). The acetone was rotoevaporated and the aqueous extract was cleared with dicloromethane. The remaining extract was liofilized and kept frozen until the use in vitro tests. EHT, LET were performed with doses ranging from 50 mg/mL to 0.0975 mg/mL and LMT with doses ranging from 50 mg/mL to 0.039 mg/mL. LC50 were calculated to compare efficacies. The extracts P. colubrina (0.1 mg/mL), C. echinata (0.17 mg/mL) and M. caesalpiniaefolia (0.53 mg/mL) presented the best results in EHT. L. pulverulenta, C. cajan, C. mollis and S. aterrimun were not effective at the higher dose in EHT (50 mg/mL). In the LET the extracts of S. guianensis (0.51mg/mL), A. pintoi cv Amarillo (1.04 mg/mL) and C. echinata (1.25 mg/mL) had the best results. In LMT, the extracts of C. echinata (0.49 mg/mL), M. caesalpiniaefolia (1.03 mg/mL), D. alata (1.5 mg/mL) and P. colubrina (1.56 mg/mL) had the best results. A. pintoi and C. echinata were chosen to be tested in vivo. In order to evaluate the plants over lambs infected with parasites, 30 lambs with average body weight of 32 kg (+/- 0,59 kg), Dorper x Santa Ines, male and not castrated were divided equaly in 3 treatments: (A) A. pintoi 10 g/day, (B) C. echinata 10 g/day and (C) control. The plants were grinded and mixed with concentrate and offered during all experiment. Blood and feces were collected for analysis. At the end of experimental period, animals were slaughtered and H. contortus were recovered from abomasum for counts, measurements and evaluation of female fertility (count of eggs). Treatment (A) with A. pintoi had lower FEC (1015) when compared with (B) C. echinata with FEC of 1244 and (C) Control with FEC of 1537 (P<0.05). The length of male worms (A = 1,24 cm; B = 1,31 cm e C = 1,35 cm) and female (A = 1,83 cm; B = 1,91 cm e C = 1,97 cm) presented differences (P<0.05), as the (A) group present smaller length. It was concluded that A. pintoi cv Amarillo reduced FEC and the size of the worms suggesting potencial anthelmintic effect in the sustainable control of parasites (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/18379-3 - TANNIFEROUS PLANTS (leguminous) EFFICIENCY FOR CONTROLLING GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITISM OF SHEEP |
| Grantee: | Érika Breda Canova |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |