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| Author(s): |
Leandro Francisco Pippa
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2016-09-29 |
| Examining board members: |
Vera Lucia Lanchote;
Jurandyr Moreira de Andrade;
Franklin Fernandes Pimentel
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| Advisor: | Vera Lucia Lanchote |
| Abstract | |
The aim of this study is to describe the pharmacokinetics, metabolism and renal excretion of doxorubicin, an anthracycline used in breast cancer treatment. Doxorubicin is metabolised to doxorrubicinol by carbonyl reductase 1 and 3, and aldo-keto reductase enzymes. Twelve breast cancer patients with indication of adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment were assessed during the first cycle of doxorubicin administration (60 mg/m2, iv-infusion, 30 min). Serial blood samples were collected up to 48 hours after the start of iv-infusion; urine was collected in 4-hour intervals, during 48 h. Methods for simultaneous quantification of doxorubicin and doxorubicinol in urine, as well as total and unbound fraction in plasma were developed applying LC-MS/MS. Neither matrix effect or carryover effect were observed. The methods were linear for both analytes in the ranges of 0.4-200 ng/mL for total plasma concentration; 0.4-40 ng/mL for unbound fraction concentration in plasma and 20-8000 ng/mL urine. Doxorubicin pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on total plasma concentration versus time curves applying Phoenix® WinNonlin® software by tricompartmental model analysis. Distribution, fast elimination and slow elimination half-lives were observed to be 0.10, 2.55 and 40.87 h, respectively. Unbound fractions were 16.05% for doxorubicin and 17.34% for doxorubicinol. The fraction of doxorubicin dose recovered in urine (0-48 h) was 2.35% for the drug excreted unchanged and 1.35% for doxorubicinol. The clearance mean values for the assessed population were 58.07 L/h for total clearance, 1.45 L/h for renal clearance, 56.62 L/h for hepatic clearance and 0.71 L/h for doxorubicinol metabolite formation clearance. Thus, the data suggest that doxorubicin elimination is carried out mainly by biliary excretion. Initial total clearance values demonstrated 95.32% variation coefficient, while total clearance values corrected to weight or body surface area presented similar variation coefficients, respectively 88.74% and 89.84%. The detailed pharmacokinetics study of doxorubicin and its metabolite doxorubicinol made it possible to calculate, for the first time in humans, the hepatic extraction ratio (E = 0.63), categorising doxorubicin as an intermediate hepatic-extraction-ratio drug. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 14/06846-1 - Age influence on the kinetic disposition and metabolism of epirubicin in breast cancer patients |
| Grantee: | Leandro Francisco Pippa |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |