Effect of duodenalgastric reflux in dental enamel

Author(s)

Júlia Barone de Andrade

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2015-04-02

Examining board members

Regina Guenka Palma Dibb; Cesar Penazzo Lepri; Alexandra Mussolino de Queiroz

• Advisor: Regina Guenka Palma Dibb

Abstract

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of stomach and duodenal fluid on the enamel surface, simulating the action of refluxed liquid in patients with duodenogastric reflux. Forty bovine incisors were selected in order to obtain enamel fragments measuring 4x4x2mm each, which were then polished and brought to a microhardness test, where 40 final specimens were selected. The specimens were isolated with composite exposing only half of the enamel surface to erosive challenges and then randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10), G1: HCl (pH 2.0); G2: HCl + pepsin (pH 2.1); G3: HCl + Ox Bile + NaHCO3 (pH 3.0); G4: HCl + Pancreatin + NaHCO3 (pH 3.0). The samples were exposed in 37°C solutions, 6 times a day, for 20 seconds, under stirring for 5 days. Subsequently, they were analyzed for morphologic evaluation, surface roughness and the step formed on the dental enamel, with confocal laser microscopy. The specimens were then cut longitudinally, their surfaces flattened and polished for holding the longitudinal microhardness, where 15 measurements were performed in each of the areas (control/protected and exposed). The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn\'s (p<0.05) means for differentiating. Both analysis showed a higher step and surface roughness for the G3 (5.59 ± 1.69, 2.2 ± 1.61), a difference that was statistically significant within groups 1 and 2 (3.9 ± 1, 55, 1.02 ± 0.18, 3.67 ± 1.45, 0.89 ± 0.12) (p <0.05) and only the step in G4 (4.9, ± 1.8) was similar to G3 (P> 0.05). The analysis of microhardness showed no statistically significant difference between groups. Morphological analysis showed greater structural loss in groups 3 and 4 with intense erosion of interprismatic region with amorphous areas. Therefore, it can be concluded that bile and pancreatin, from duodeno, in combination with hydrochloric acid, may promote greater dental erosion, with greater loss of structure, increased surface roughness and loss of enamel prismatic anatomy. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/01413-7 - Influence of duodenogastric reflux on tooth enamel
• Grantee: Julia Barone de Andrade
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master