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| Author(s): |
Pedro Ivo Nunes de Carvalho
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos |
| Defense date: | 2016-01-08 |
| Examining board members: |
Maria Angela de Almeida Meireles Petenate;
Cintia Bernardo Gonçalves;
Douglas Fernandes Barbin;
Julian Martínez;
Miriam Verginia Lourenço
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| Advisor: | Maria Angela de Almeida Meireles Petenate |
| Abstract | |
Production of extracts from vegetal matrices with biological properties has attracted great interest of food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Within this demand, the extraction process using supercritical carbon dioxide (SFE-CO2) has been shown to be a technically and economically feasible technology in providing high-added value products. This technique presents advantages both in terms of yield and quality of the extract. Thus, the first study performed in the thesis project was the application of SFE-CO2 in the extraction of the turmeric volatile oil. This oil is rich in ar-turmerone, compound that has been reported in the literature by presenting some bioactive properties, such as, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic activity. Based on the techno-economic analysis of the process was concluded that temperature of 333 K, pressure of 25 MPa and S/F ratio present themselves as the most suitable conditions for obtaining the turmeric extract and its bioactive compound ar-turmerone. In these conditions, extract yield of 6.4% (more than 80% of extractable compounds) and ar-turmerone yield of 1.02% (more than 90% of recovery of compound) and the lowest COM (US$ 178.8/kg extract) was estimated for a pilot scale unit with two 0.005-m³ extractors using the simulator SuperPro Designer 8.5®. Further, in the current context of SFE-CO2 becomes important to study the variables involved in the scale-up procedure, aiming to transfer this technology to industry. In any process, which involves the heating of a column, it is expected to occur the formation of temperature gradients that tend to be larger in columns with larger diameters and with increasing in scale. However, the temperature parameter (that directly affects the fluid dynamic and the solubility of the compounds in SFE) has been considered constant and homogeneous in the bed in the works in the literature. So, the determination of the temperature distribution in two extractors with different bed geometries (HB/DB = 7.1 e 2.7) and the influence of temperature heterogeneity on the yield and composition of turmeric and clove extracts were also evaluated in this research. It was observed that heating of the bed until the process temperature is quickly reached with the input of pre-heated CO2 inside the extractor as well as with the heat gain from the increased in pressure. The mapping of the temperature within the bed showed the presence of temperature gradients especially in the axial direction. However, no important impacts on yield and composition of the turmeric and clove extracts were observed for the bed geometries and scale studied. We conclude that the scale study (1 L) can still be considered small and that the temperature gradients were not able to impose great variations in the solubility of the compounds (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 13/20758-5 - Volatile oil extraction from turmeric by supercritical carbon dioxide: study of the extraction in beds of different geometries and operational configurations |
| Grantee: | Pedro Ivo Nunes de Carvalho |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct) |