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Investigation of the biological and pharmacological effects of quercetin in cells of patients with myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia

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Author(s):
Victor Maso
Total Authors: 1
Document type: Doctoral Thesis
Press: Campinas, SP.
Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Defense date:
Examining board members:
Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad; Mary Ann Foglio; João Ernesto de Carvalho; Gisele Wally Braga Colleoni; Elvira Deolinda Rodrigues Pereira Velloso
Advisor: Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
Abstract

This study proposes to investigate quercetin antitumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo, using P39 cell line as a model. The experimental design comprised leukemic cells or xenografts of P39 cells, treated in vitro or in vivo, respectively, with quercetin; apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy activation were then evaluated. Quercetin caused pronounced apoptosis in P39 leukemia cells, followed by Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1 downregulation, Bax upregulation and mitochondrial translocation, triggering cytochrome c release and caspases activation. Quercetin also induced the expression of FasL protein. Furthermore, our results demonstrated an antioxidant activity of quercetin. Quercetin treatment resulted in an increased cell-arrest in G1 phase of the cell cycle, with pronounced decrease in CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D, cyclin E and cyclin A proteins, decreased Rb phosphorylation and increased p21 and p27 expression. Quercetin induced autophagosome formation in P39 cell line, with upregulation of PI3K class III proteins, Beclin-1, Atg5-Atg12, Atg7, conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, and dephosphorylation of Akt and mTOR. Autophagy inhibition induced by quercetin with chloroquine triggered apoptosis but did not alter quercetin modulation in the G1 phase. P39 cell treatment with a combination of quercetin and selective inhibitors of ERK1/2 and/or JNK (PD184352 or SP600125 respectively), significantly decreased cells in G1 phase, this treatment however did not change the apoptotic cell number. Furthermore, in vivo administration of quercetin significantly reduced tumor volume in P39 xenografts and confirmed in vitro results regarding apoptosis, autophagy and cell cycle arrest (AU)