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| Author(s): |
Ana Paula Lemes
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Química |
| Defense date: | 2005-01-08 |
| Examining board members: |
Nelson Eduardo Duran Caballero;
Maria Ines Re;
Renato Atilio Jorge
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| Advisor: | Nelson Eduardo Duran Caballero |
| Abstract | |
In this work, composites based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and lignosulfonates of different molar weights were prepared by mechanical mixing of different compositions (90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 60:40). Thermal properties of these composites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to define the morphology of materials. The composites containing higher amounts of lignosulfonates showed a decreasing in crystallinity degree and glass transition temperatures, and lower thermal stability. SEM showed a poor interfacial adhesion between lignosulfonato and PHBV matrix. To improve the interfacial adhesion between filler and matrix, a study on compatibilizer utilization was carried out. The compatibilizer was formed by grafting of maleic anhydride (MA) in PHBV (PHBV-g-MA). The study was performed with composites containing 20 % of lignosulfonate, 80 % of PHBV and different amounts of maleic anhydride, prepared by mechanical mixing and by twin-screw. The thermal and morphological properties of composites were investigated by TGA and SEM, respectively. The TGA did not show significant change in the thermal stability of the composites as function of compatibilizer content. The SEM showed a high improvement in the adhesion between filler and matrix. The compatibilized composites exhibited an increase of 125 % in maximum stress values and 145 % in the strain values under rupture experiments. PHBV and composite containing 80 % of PHBV, 20 % of lignosulfonato and 1,5 % of maleic anhydride samples were submitted to biodegradation tests in aqueous and in soil media. Tests carried out in aqueous medium showed a decrease of 14, 4 % in the PHBV mass and 31,0 % in the composite mass, after 65 days of incubation. In the soil tests the weight loss was of 7,6 % for PHBV sample and 28,8 % for composite sample, after 50 days of incubation. Both tests showed that the presence of lignosulfonate did not interfere in PHBV matrix biodegradation (AU) | |