Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Amarylis Claudine Bonito Azeredo Wanschel
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Biologia |
| Defense date: | 2006-02-20 |
| Examining board members: |
Marta Helena Krieger;
Dora Maria Grassi Kassisse;
Eliana Cotta
|
| Advisor: | Marta Helena Krieger |
| Abstract | |
The incidence of risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) is greater in men than in woman during the reproducible years, and this gender difference diminishes after cessation of estrogen production after menopause (Kannel et al, 1976). Many studies have ben suggested also that this gender difference may be caused in part by proaterogenic actions of androgens. The aim this study was verify the role of the sexual dimorphism in LDLr-/- mice in the vasculoprotector effect treatment promoted by S-nitroso-N-acetilcisteína (SNAC) in the initial phase of atherogenesis valuation following:1- phenotypic expression of the hypertension; 2- lesion area development; 3- plasma lipid levels; 4- localization of NOS using immunohistochemistry; Male and female mice 3 months old were evaluated in experimental groups following: C57Bl/6 wild type (WT) chow diet; LDLr-/- control group (CT) chow diet; LDLr-/- hypercholesterolemic diet(HC); LDLr-/- hypercholesterolemic diet plus SNAC 0.51 µmol/Kg ip/daily (SNAC). After treatment for 2 weeks the female developed a 50% decrease lesion area in the proximal aortic as compared to males. This evidence indicated the protector role of the estrogen in female in the initial stage of atherosclerosis. The treatment with SNAC promoted a 50% reduction in installation of atherosclerosis in both sexes with no sexual dimorphism. In female the lesion area was not correlated with the average plasma cholesterol levels. Female mice LDLr-/- under a hypercholesterolemic diet showed an increase of 10% in blood pressure compared whith the background (WT). The treatment with SNAC prevented the hypertension induced by the hypercholesterolemic diet. Nevertheless male hypertension is associated with mice LDLr-/- and chow diet treatment does not prevent hypertension. These results showed that hypertension genesis is different in both sexes suggesting the participation of androgenic pathways. The males showed left ventricular hypertrophy and decreased heart rate associated with hypertension, but the female in the same conditions did not show. Thus is hemodynamic alteration set indicate that female have a less impact than male mice in the studied cardiovascular alterations. The expression of the three types of NOS was evident in aorta of the female LDLr-/- chow diet, although absent in WT. In female LDLr-/- hypercholesterolemic diet there was enhanced immunoreactivity. This overexpression was decreased by treatment with the SNAC. These alterations participated in endothelial dysfunction present in this model and the protector effect promoved by SNAC is associated with the NO/NOS pathways (AU) | |