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| Author(s): |
Simone Simões Amaral
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Guaratinguetá. 2017-05-05. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Engenharia. Guaratinguetá |
| Defense date: | 2017-04-12 |
| Advisor: | João Andrade de Carvalho Junior; Maria Angélica Martins Costa |
| Abstract | |
Despite the new technologies of management and fire fighting, fire in forests still occurs on a large scale, causing damage to the environment and society. The damages caused by the fire are dependent on factors such as fuel, weather, and topography of the land. To minimize and control the effects caused by fire is important the study of such factors. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the condition that enhances the spread of fire and the emission of gaseous pollutants. The study of the condition that enhances the fire and their emissions was conducted for biomasses of planted forests. The main factors, which affect the fire, were evaluated through laboratory experiments. The control factors evaluated were: specie, percentage of litter, fuel load, irradiance, relative humidity, wind speed and inclination. These experiments were designed and analyzed using the matrix L18 of Taguchi methodology. The burning device was adapted, so that the study could be performed. The emissions were also quantified to native forest (Amazon biomass), with experiments conducted in the field and in the laboratory. For the levels of the established factors, the condition found that enhanced the spread of fire and the emission of gaseous pollutants was: Eucalyptus sp. burning, with approximately 30% litter, 2.5 kg of fuel load, minimum relative humidity (40%), wind velocity of 3.5 m/s and inclination of 30°. The maximum irradiance (1kW/m2) potentiated the gaseous emissions, whose emission factor values were 1,495 ± 62 g/kg for CO2, 71.52 ± 4.33 g/kg for CO, 1.96 ± 0.78 g/kg for NO and 14.75 ± 3.55 g/kg for UHC. Experiments conducted with irradiance at level 1 enhanced the spread of fire. When the results of the Amazon biomass burning were compared, field burning presented higher emissions per hectare, for partially oxidized compounds. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 13/21231-0 - Conditions that enhance the spread of forest fires and the emission of gaseous pollutants to atmosphere |
| Grantee: | Simone Simões Amaral |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |