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| Author(s): |
Letícia Peres Poli
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Rio Claro. 2017-06-13. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Instituto de Biociências. Rio Claro |
| Defense date: | 2017-05-10 |
| Advisor: | Alessandra Ike Coan; Lívia Godinho Temponi |
| Abstract | |
Anthurium is the largest genus of Araceae with 950 endemic Neotropical species. In Brazil, the genus comprises 133 species circumscribed mainly within Anthurium sect. Urospadix and A. sect. Pachyneurium, as well as within A. sect. Dactylophyllium and A. sect. Tetraspermium. The ontogenetic, micromorphological, anatomical and floral biology studies of Anthurium can help with significant characters for its taxonomy and systematic, which are based predominantly on foliar morphological features. In this Thesis we analyzed 20 species belonging to four sections of Anthurium, using stereomicroscope, and light, scanning confocal laser and scanning electron microscopies. In Chapter 1, we evaluated the use of ontogenetic, micromorphological and anatomical floral characters, mainly of the perigone and androecium, in the selected sections/clades of Anthurium. We highlight the anatomical characterization of the osmophores, as well as the variation in the shape of outer periclinal wall and in the content presented by the epidermal cells; variation in the overlapping of the outer tepals in the floral bud and in the exposure of the stamens were also pointed out. In Chapter 2, we verified that the vasculature of the perigone and the androecium were uniform amongst the sections studied. However, two patterns of gynoecial vasculature were described: carpels vascularized by synlateral bundles alone (Pattern A), shared by the majority of species studied, and carpels vascularized by both dorsal and synlateral bundles (Pattern B), which occurs in A. affine (A. sect. Pachyneurium), A. obtusum and A. scandens (A. sect. Tetraspermium). Pattern B is a new feature for the genus. In Chapter 3, our main objective was to investigate the separation of both staminate and pistillate phases within the flowers (intrafloral dichogamy) and among flowers of the same plant (interfloral dichogamy). Our data show that complete intrafloral dichogamy occurs in all species studied, except A. scandens (A. sect. Tetraspermium) and A. solitarium (A. sect. Pachyneurium series Pachyneurium), in which we observed, for the first time, the synchrony of both staminate and pistillate phases, suggesting the possible occurrence of geitonogamy. The data presented here, together with those available in the literature, reveal that most ontogenetic, micromorphological, and anatomical floral features are uniform for the four sections studied of Anthurium. Part of the variations found here, when compared to the current Anthurium phylogeny, indicates diagnostic characteristics for A. sect. Urospadix (Chapter 1) and other evolutionary branches (Chapter 2). In addition, aspects of floral biology (Chapter 3), such as the synchrony of both staminate and pistillate phases, the release of floral scent by the tepals, and the direction of the male anthesis within the spadix, increase the knowledge about the floral biology in Anthurium and contribute with data for future studies, mainly, on pollination biology of Brazilian species. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 13/05120-4 - Floral ontogeny, micromorphology and anatomy of Anthurium Schott (Araceae, Alismatales) and their taxonomic implications |
| Grantee: | Leticia Peres Poli |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |