Effect of chromium supplementation on insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress of HIV-positive peoples with lipodystrophy

Author(s)

Mariele Castilho Pansani

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2017-04-18

Examining board members

Alceu Afonso Jordao Junior; Fernando Barbosa Junior; Telma Maria Braga Costa; Anderson Marliere Navarro; Rodrigo de Carvalho Santana

• Advisor: Alceu Afonso Jordao Junior

Abstract

Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy (HAART) leads to the development of metabolic changes, including dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hypertension and lipodystrophy, associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Chromium is an essential mineral involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. The role of chromium is associated to the improvement of insulin sensitivity, metabolic abnormalities and body composition. Objective: Evaluate the effect of chromium supplementation in HIVpositive peoples with lipodystrophy on HAART in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress markers. Materials and Methods: The current study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, with subjects receiving 200 ?g / day of chromium (Cr3+) chelate 10% or placebo for 3 months. Forty-one (n = 41) HIV-positive 41 HIV-positive volunteers with lipodystrophy on HAART were randomized into 02 groups, placebo (n = 19) and Chromium (n = 22). Before and after intervention, all volunteers were submitted to clinical, nutritional and biochemical evaluations. Analyzed variables: insulin resistance, lipid profile, body composition, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Results: The volunteers\' average age were 47.09 ± 8.15 (mean ± SD) years. Body composition, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers did not change by the intervention. In addition, glycemia, insulin, triglycerides and total cholesterol and fractions did not change after 3 months of chromium supplementation. Although, in subjects with altered LDL cholesterol (>= 130 mg/dL), chromium supplementation were able to reduce 31.2 mg / dL (P = 0.049, from 176.6 (43.2) mg/dL to 145, 4 (32.10) mg/dL). Even if not significant, mean total cholesterol (p = 0.27, from 244.1 (47.1) mg/dL to 220.8 (32.5) mg/dL) decreased 23.8 mg/dL Chromium group with altered cholesterol (TC > 200 mg/dL). Conclusion: Chromium supplementation for 3 months reduced LDL cholesterol levels in subjects with hyperlipidemia. These results suggest that chromium treatment may benefit HIV-positive individuals with lipodystrophy, especially those with increased LDL cholesterol. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/05890-4 - Effect of chromium supplementation in HIV patients with lipodystrophy
• Grantee: Mariele Castilho Pansani
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate