Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Paulo Victor Recchia Gomes da Silva
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin |
| Defense date: | 2017-12-15 |
| Examining board members: |
Márcio José Menon;
Carola Dobrigkeit Chinellato;
Arlene Cristina Aguilar;
Adriano Antonio Natale;
Victor Paulo Barros Gonçalves
|
| Advisor: | Márcio José Menon |
| Abstract | |
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) constitutes the quantum field theory of the strong interaction. Despite the success of this theory in the description of several processes involving hadrons, the elastic scattering is still a theoretical challenge. This process is characterized by a small transferred momentum and, in this range, the perturbative techniques are not applicable. Although nonperturbative results have been obtained in recent years, we still do not have a full description within QCD of the quantities related to the elastic scattering, valid for all the energies and transferred momentum, for example, the total cross section ($\sigmatot$), the $\rho$ parameter, the elastic cross section ($\sigmael$) and the differential cross section. The attempts to describe experimental data rely on empirical and phenomenological approaches such as Regge-Gribov Formalism and QCD inspired models. Since the start of Run 1 at the LHC, we have the opportunity to study the quantities above in the largest energies available in accelerator experiments, namely 7 and 8 TeV for proton-proton ($pp$) scattering. In this thesis, the main interest is in the energy dependence of three quantities, the ratio $X=\sigmael/\sigmatot$, the $\sigmatot$ and the $\rho$ parameter, namely the behaviour at high and asymptotic energies, as well as the influence of sub-leading contributions to $\sigmatot$. These topics are divided into three different, but complementary studies, involving empirical, phenomenological and theoretical aspects. In the first topic, we develop an empirical analysis on the ratio $\sigmael/\sigmatot$, a quantity related to the profile function at impact parameter zero (the hadronic central opacity). By means of suitable parameterizations, with a small number of free parameters, we have obtained good descriptions of the experimental data on $pp$ and antiproton-proton ($\ppbar$) data. From the fits with four variants, we conclude that the asymptotic black-disk scenario is not a unique solution and, moreover, the results favour a grey-disk scenario. In the second topic, we study the rise of $\sigmatot$ with the energy through parameterizations based on the Regge-Gribov formalism and we consider two options for the leading terms: a log-square and a log-raised-to-$\gamma$, with $\gamma$ a free fit parameter. In addition, we discuss two analytic methods to connect the real and imaginary parts of the elastic scattering amplitude, namely Derivative Dispersion Relations (DDR) and Asymptotic Uniqueness (AU), which lead to different parameterizations for $\sigmatot$ and the $\rho$ parameter; these differences are critically discussed. The results favour the DDR method in both formal and practical contexts. The recent tension between the TOTEM and ATLAS data at 7 and 8 TeV is discussed and considered in the data reductions. In the third topic, two sub-leading terms for $\sigmatot$, obtained in a nonperturbative QCD approach to the elastic scattering, are considered in fits to $pp$ and $\ppbar$ data and also in fits to data from meson-baryon and other baryon-baryon scattering. In this analysis, with an extra parameter, and with theoretical inputs, we also obtain an asymptotic grey-disk scenario for the colliding particles | |
| FAPESP's process: | 13/27060-3 - High-Energy Elastic Hadron Scattering: Studies on the Direct and Inverse Problems |
| Grantee: | Paulo Victor Recchia Gomes da Silva |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |