Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Naiara da Costa Cinegaglia
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Botucatu. 2019-09-24. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Instituto de Biociências. Botucatu |
| Defense date: | 2019-07-24 |
| Advisor: | Valéria Cristina Sandrim |
| Abstract | |
Several studies report that a vegetarian diet lowers the probability of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The endothelial dysfunction is one of the main mechanism that leads to CVDs, associated with decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Regarding oxidative/antioxidant stress and biological aging biomarkers, enzymes with antioxidant properties and telomere length may have effects on vascular system modulation. The present study includes two manuscripts related to: 1) regulation of NRF2/HO-1 pathway and 2) telomere length in omnivorous (OMN) and vegetarians (VEG). In the first manuscript, our objectives were to verify circulating HO-1 levels and the effect of plasma incubation from omnivorous and vegetarians in endothelial cells on modulating of NRF2/HO-1 pathway and NO production. From 745 participants initially recruited, 44 omnivorous and 44 vegetarian men apparently healthy were included in this study and circulating HO-1 was measured using ELISA assay. Endothelial cells were incubated plasma samples from OMN and VEG. We found higher circulating HO-1 production in omnivorous compared to vegetarian. Moreover, the plasma collected from omnivorous was able to increase the gene/protein NRF2/HO-1 expression, ARE activity, and NO production in endothelial cells culture compared to vegetarian group. We suggest that HO-1 induction in omnivorous may indicate a pro-oxidative. Activation of the HO-1 / NRF2 pathway and NO production in endothelial cell culture incubated with ONI plasma seems to reflect an adaptive mechanism of protection of these cells against possible damage. In the second manuscript, our objectives were to evaluate leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in VEG and OMN subjects and its association with classical cardiovascular risk biomarkers. LTL was measured in 39 omnivorous and 41 vegetarians by Real-Time Quantitative PCR reaction. Although telomere length was not different between omnivorous and vegetarians, we found a strong negative correlation between LTL and intima-media thickness (IMT) in omnivorous, but not in vegetarian group. In addition, omnivorous who were classified with short telomere length had higher carotid IMT compared to vegetarians. Our data suggest that telomere length can be a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in the omnivorous group. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 15/20669-8 - Comparison between vegetarian versus omnivorous diet patterns on the effect of NRF2 pathway activation on endothelial cells |
| Grantee: | Naiara da Costa Cinegaglia |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |