Full text
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| Author(s): |
Ana Lucia Gomes dos Santos
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Eletrotécnica e Energia (IEE/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2009-12-11 |
| Examining board members: |
Sueli Angelo Furlan;
Marcello Martinelli;
Yara Schaeffer Novelli
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| Advisor: | Sueli Angelo Furlan |
| Abstract | |
The coasts are environments with a big population concentration in both the world and in Brazil. In these environments ecologically complex ecosystems are found, they are responsible in varying degrees for the environmental balance and dynamics. This double function, causes a conflict between the increase of the urban occupation and the conservation of the natural environments. To understand how this conflict occurs in the coast of the state of São Paulo Brazil the process of occupation investigated in the metropolitan São Paulo coast area, Baixada Santista, and the consequences in the mangrove ecosystem. In this way, this research had an objective of analyzing the causes of environmental changes in the area of study, from a temporal cut of fifty years. The spatial area delimitation search was found in a document called Letter of environment and his dynamic, elaborated by the teacher André Journaux (CETESB, 1985). The spatial cut covers an area of five counties in the metropolitan São Paulo coast area, Baixada Santista: Santos, São Vicente, Cubatão, Praia Grande e Guarujá, they were chosen for representing the most mangrove alterations in this region. The research begun in 1962 by having the access to older records in the area of study representing the best conditions regarding mangrove conservation. The alteration analysis in this environment continued until now, when explorations were executed through field work. During this research the existing mangrove mapping was elaborated, aerial photography from years 1962, 1994 and 2001 were utilized in this process. In accordance with the orientation proposed by the Cartography and with the research procedures elaborated by Libault (1971). This study found the occurrence of a considerable area covered for mangrove in the whole Baixada Santista. However, during these years a environmental decrease occurred, primarily due to the increase in urban, industrial and port occupations. Taking all of this information into consideration, independent of the conservation condition, the mangrove along the Baixada Santista should be left intact for the sake of the natural ecosystem, the importance of the environment is bigger than the transformation that would take place in grounded area for urban expansion. (AU) | |