Network structures in bones

Author(s)

Cynthia Martins Villar Couto

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Matemática e Estatística (IME/SBI)
• Defense date: 2017-10-09

Examining board members

Luciano da Fontoura Costa; André Carlos Ponce de Leon Ferreira de Carvalho; Helder Takashi Imoto Nakaya; Sergio Furtado dos Reis; Jose Hiroki Saito

• Advisor: Luciano da Fontoura Costa

Abstract

One of the possible reasons for the success of Complex Networks arises from the flexibility of these structures for representation and modeling of numerous complex systems, including in biology. However, there are still some aspects of the use of these concepts, such as the question of the thresholding of graduated relationships in order to obtain a binary network of connections. Another interesting question, still open, concerns how complex networks derived from different systems are similar to another or are not. In biology, this question appears with particular interest in the scales of biological structures and systems, motivating the search for structural and functional analogies. The present PhD work lies at the intersection of these two problems. First, we used the important question of the thresholding of gene co-expression networks as a laboratory for development and to compare five methods of this type, with different foundations. We have found that depending on the nature of the database, the impact of thresholding on topological properties may be large, and we suggest guidelines on how to use the methods in face of the data`s behavior. Then, we discuss the characterization of the channels of the Haversian system of bones, with the aim of studying this particular problem and comparing it with the networks of co-expression in the search for topological analogies. The analyzes showed that the bones are indistinguishable in relation to the topological properties of the networks, but a more pronounced variation in relation to the geometric properties is noticed. This suggests that the topological architecture of the vascular system may be independent of the bone type but that the biological demand for transport may be varying relatively to the position in the same bone and between different bones. As the networks of the Haversian system have weights related to the thickness of the channels, we used and compared the thresholding methods proposed here for the validation of the results. Concluding these developments, we performed a structural comparison of the two types of networks obtained, the gene co-expression network and the Haversian channels network. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/19082-7 - Network structures in bones during development
• Grantee: Cynthia Martins Villar Couto
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate