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| Author(s): |
Laena Pernomian
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2015-08-14 |
| Examining board members: |
Lusiane Maria Bendhack;
Michele Mazzaron de Castro;
Fernando Morgan de Aguiar Correa;
Roger Lyrio dos Santos;
Cristina Antoniali Silva
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| Advisor: | Lusiane Maria Bendhack |
| Abstract | |
Septic shock is a systemic inflammatory syndrome secondary to an infection which the vascular dysfunction leads to an insufficient blood flow to vital organs with systemic hypotension, multiple organ injury and death. Usually, in septic shock patients there is an imbalance on hemodynamic factors, leading to low cardiac output and vasodilation, with decrease on contractile responses to several agonists, which the contribution of nitric oxide (NO), NO-synthases (NOS) and oxidative stress are evident. The contribution of natriuretic peptide system is observed on patients and animals submitted to severe sepsis or septic shock. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a vasodilator that leads to vascular relaxation through cGMP, NO, vascular smooth muscle hyperpolarization and reduction in cytosolic calcium. Treatment of animals with NPR-A/B antagonist, as well as knockout mice to NPR-A receptor are less susceptible to sepsis, with less hypotension, enhanced contraction to different agonists and reduction in inflammation and plasma NO. Therefore, the hypothesis of the present work is in septic shock induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in rats there is low vasoconstriction to the selective 1- adrenoceptor agonist Phenylephrine (PE) and this effect could be attenuated by the inhibition of CNP signaling, strongly modulated by the oxidative stress. CLP survival was lower than the control rats (Sham) and cardiovascular parameters were impaired in CLP compared to the Sham rats. PE had positive pressure effect lower in CLP than in Sham rats. CNP induced hypotension in both groups with greater increases of cardiac rate in CLP. PE-induced contraction was decreased in aorta and resistance mesenteric artery isolated from CLP rats and this effect was modulated by the vascular endothelium. CNP-induced vasodilation was lower in rat aorta of CLP. Moreover, CNP had a negative modulator effect over the PE contraction on aortas with or without endothelium, but not on resistance mesenteric artery isolated from Sham and CLP rats. The low contractile response induced by PE on CLP aortas was enhanced by NPR-B antagonist, and by NOS, xanthine oxidase or extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibition on aortas with endothelium. The negative modulation induced by CNP over the PE contraction was reversed by the presence of NPR-B antagonist, NOS inhibition, and by the decrease on O2- availability and H2O2 degradation in both groups. Furthermore, oxidative stress and H2O2 intracellular content were greater on vascular smooth muscle of CLP rats. Protein expression of endogenous CNP was lower on endothelium and greater on smooth muscle of aortas isolated from CLP compared to Sham rats. However, the protein expression of 1-adrenoceptor and NPR-B were not different between the groups, but the protein expression of NPR-C was lower on smooth muscle of CLP aortas. Intracellular calcium mobilization was decreased on vascular smooth muscle of CLP aortas and extracellular high potassium solution was not able to depolarize smooth muscle layer of CLP aortas. Protein expression of NPR-B and NPR-C were not different on CLP hearts. However, membrane potential of left ventricle (LV) of CLP was lower than in Sham rats. Besides, intracellular calcium content of LV of CLP was lower than Sham rats but the decrease on cytosolic calcium induced by CNP was greater on LV of CLP compared to the Sham rats. There was cardiac dysfunction on CLP rats. In rat CLP septic shock model, the role of natriuretic peptide, mainly CNP, is of great importance in the decreased 1-adrenoceptor contraction, representing a potential via of intervention on severe sepsis and septic shock. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/11205-7 - Modulation played by C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on the contractile response induced by phenylephrine on thoracic aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries isolated from rats submitted to septic shock |
| Grantee: | Laena Pernomian |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |